Nanoparticle-Assisted Heating Utilizing a Low-Cost White Light Source

Taylor, Robert A.; Wong, Jun Kai; Baek, Sungchul; Hewakuruppu, Yasitha; Jiang, Xuchuan; Chen, Chuyang; Gunawan, Andrey

doi:10.1115/1.4027643

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In general, the absorption of light would be at a maximum on the surface of the AuNRs (inside the shell). However, these experiments were conducted at steady state, and the Biot number for such nanoparticles (including the shell in the characteristic length) can be calculated to be ≪0.1. , Thus, on these long time scales, individual nanoparticles are in thermal equilibrium internally and with the nearby surrounding medium. There will be a convection dominated temperature gradient in the medium between particles, but particle spacing is small, so this is negligible with respect to the temperature gradients at the boundaries.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have become one of the most ubiquitous materials used in bionanotechnology . This is because AuNPs possess unique physicochemical and photothermal properties which make them suitable for a broad range of biomedical applications, including: diagnostics, bioimaging, biosensors, drug and gene delivery, and hyperthermia therapy. − To date, various AuNPs with well-controlled nanostructures (e.g., spheres, shells, rods, hexapods, rings and cages) have been synthesized. − Among them, gold nanorods (AuNRs) have attracted the most interest for hyperthermia treatment as they can provide a tunable and strong longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) across the 600–1300 nm spectral range (i.e., the so-called “therapeutic window” where tissues are nearly transparent). − This results in a high photothermal heat generation capability per gram of material and the potential for selective, localized hyperthermia treatment. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon-Coated Gold Nanorods: A Facile Route to Biocompatible Materials for Photothermal Applications

Kaneti

Chen

Liu

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Gold nanorods and their core-shell nanocomposites have been widely studied because of their well-defined anisotropy and unique optical properties and applications. This study demonstrates a facile hydrothermal synthesis strategy for generating carbon coating on gold nanorods (AuNRs@C) under mild conditions (<200 °C), where the carbon shell is composed of polymerized sugar molecules (glucose). The structure and composition of the produced core-shell nanocomposites were characterized using advanced microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The functional properties, particularly the photothermal and biocompatibility properties of the produced AuNRs@C, were quantified to assess their potential in photothermal hyperthermia. These AuNRs@C were tested in vitro (under representative treatment conditions) using near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. It was found that the AuNRs produced here exhibit exemplary heat generation capability. Temperature changes of 10.5, 9, and 8 °C for AuNRs@C were observed with carbon shell thicknesses of 10, 17, and 25 nm, respectively, at a concentration of 50 μM, after 600 s of irradiation with a laser power of 0.17 W/cm(2). In addition, the synthesized AuNRs@C also exhibit good biocompatibility toward two soft tissue sarcoma cell lines (HT1080, a fibrosarcoma; and GCT, a fibrous histiocytoma). The cell viability study shows that AuNRs@C (at a concentration of <0.1 mg/mL) core-shell particles induce significantly lower cytotoxicity on both HT1080 and GCT cell lines, as compared with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-capped AuNRs. Furthermore, similar to PEG-modified AuNRs, they are also safe to both HT1080 and GCT cell lines. This biocompatibility results from a surface full of -OH or -COH groups, which are suitable for linking and are nontoxic Therefore, the AuNRs@C represent a viable alternative to PEG-coated AuNRs for facile synthesis and improved photothermal conversion. Overall, these findings open up a new class of carbon-coated nanostructures that are biocompatible and could potentially be employed in a wide range of biomedical applications.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-Coated Gold Nanorods: A Facile Route to Biocompatible Materials for Photothermal Applications

Kaneti

Chen

Liu

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Most existing investigations [26][27][28] examined the extinction spectra of GNRs and GNR solutions in isolation, but few reported the actual heat generation capability of these solutions to estimate a real potential for their intended application [30][31][32][33][34]. To fill this knowledge gap, the current study presents the absorption efficiency spectra and the plasmonic absorption resonance of GNR aggregations along with the corresponding effect of these aggregations on heat generation in GNR solutions of various concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Gold Nanorods Clustering on Near-Infrared Radiation Absorption

Timchenko

Yeoh

et al. 2018

Applied Sciences

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In this paper, the plasmonic resonant absorption of gold nanorods (GNRs) and GNR solutions was studied both numerically and experimentally. The heat generation in clustered GNR solutions with various concentrations was measured by exposing them to Near Infrared (NIR) light in experiment. Correspondingly, calculations based on the discrete-dipole approximation (DDA) revealed the same relationship between the maximum absorption efficiency and the nanorod orientation for the incident radiation. Additionally, both the plasmonic wavelength and the maximum absorption efficiency of a single nanorod were found to increase linearly with increasing aspect ratio (for a fixed nanorod volume). The wavelength of the surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) was found to change when the gold nanorods were closely spaced. Specifically, both a shift and a broadening of the resonance peak were attained when the distance between the nanorods was set to about 50 nm or less. The absorbance spectra of suspended nanorods at various volume fractions also showed that the plasmonic wavelength of the nanorods solution was at 780 ± 10 nm, which was in good agreement with the computational predictions for coupled side-by-side nanorods. When heated by NIR light, the rate of increase for both the temperature of solution and the absorbed light diminished when the volume fraction of suspended nanorods reached a value of 1.24×10−6. This matches with expectations for a partially clustered suspension of nanorods in water. Overall, this study reveals that particle clustering should be considered to accurately gauge the heat generation of the GNR hyperthermia treatments.

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“…For example, many nanostructures, such as carbon nanomaterials (e.g., graphene and carbon nanotubes), − various gold nanomaterials (e.g., gold nanocages, nanostars, and nanorods), ,− organic nanoparticles, , palladium nanosheets, and copper-based semiconductor nanoparticles, , have been developed for effective ablation of tumors. Among these nanomaterials that are currently being developed, gold nanorods (GNRs) have been widely used in PTT applications thanks to their advantages of good biocompatibility and favorable optical properties. ,− In addition, GNRs can also be served as effective contrast agents for tumor diagnosis owing to their tunable and strong absorption in the NIR transparent window . Hence, GNRs can be anticipated to be promising therapeutic agents excited by NIR light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear-Targeting Gold Nanorods for Extremely Low NIR Activated Photothermal Therapy

Pan

Liu

Shi

2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

132

102

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Photorelated nanomedicine is of particular interest as an emerging paradigm toward precise cancer therapy, as demonstrated by recent developments of photothermal therapy (PTT), an emerging technique employing light-converting agents to burn cancerous cells by overdosed optical energy-converted heat. However, most of the laser irradiations needed for effective PTT significantly exceed the maximal permissible power density in human skin, which is likely to damage surrounding normal tissues. Herein, we report a strategy of intranuclear PTT of cancer enabled by nuclear-targeted delivery of gold nanorods of ∼10.5 × 40.5 nm in size via conjugation with nuclear location signal peptides (GNRs-NLS) under an extremely low near-infrared irradiation of 0.2 W/cm, much below the maximal permissible exposure of skin. Interestingly, we found that a mild but nuclear-focused temperature increase generated by GNRs-NLS is sufficient to cause damage to intranuclear DNA and the inhibition of DNA repair process, which, interestingly, led to the cancer cell apoptosis rather than to conventional cell necrosis by thermal ablation during PTT. Correspondingly, tumors treated with GNRs-NLS exhibited gradual but significant regressions rather than traditional harsh burning-up of tumors, in comparison with negligible antitumor effect by GNRs without nuclear targeting under the same ultralow NIR irradiation. This report demonstrates the successful intranuclear efficient photothermal therapy of cancer via cell apoptosis by photoadsorbing agents, e.g., GNRs-NLS in the present case, with largely mitigated side-effect on normal tissues and therefore substantially improved biosafety.

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Nanoparticle-Assisted Heating Utilizing a Low-Cost White Light Source

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Carbon-Coated Gold Nanorods: A Facile Route to Biocompatible Materials for Photothermal Applications

Carbon-Coated Gold Nanorods: A Facile Route to Biocompatible Materials for Photothermal Applications

The Effect of Gold Nanorods Clustering on Near-Infrared Radiation Absorption

Nuclear-Targeting Gold Nanorods for Extremely Low NIR Activated Photothermal Therapy

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