Abstract:Basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas are non-melanoma skin cancers reported to be among the most common malignancies, being responsible for high human morbidity. Conventional chemotherapy applied to these conditions shows non-specific targeting, thus severe adverse side effects are also commonly reported. New therapeutic strategies based on nanoparticulates technology have emerged as alternatives for site specific chemotherapy. Among the different types of nanoparticulates, lipid nanoemulsions an… Show more
“…NEs constute a heterogeneous system of two immiscible liquids stabilized by a suitable surfactant [32,[46][47][48][49][50][51]. The droplet diameter is usually between 20 and 400 nm and the limit must be less than 500 nm [52].…”
Burn wounds are highly debilitating injuries, with significant morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. In association with the damage of the skin integrity, the risk of infection is increased, posing an obstacle to healing and potentially leading to sepsis. Another limitation against healing is associated with antibiotic resistance mainly due to the use of systemic antibiotics for the treatment of localized infections. Nanotechnology has been successful in finding strategies to incorporate antibiotics in nanoparticles for the treatment of local wounds, thereby avoiding the systemic exposure to the drug. This review focuses on the most recent advances on the use of nanoparticles in wound dressing formulations and in tissue engineering for the treatment of burn wound infections.
“…NEs constute a heterogeneous system of two immiscible liquids stabilized by a suitable surfactant [32,[46][47][48][49][50][51]. The droplet diameter is usually between 20 and 400 nm and the limit must be less than 500 nm [52].…”
Burn wounds are highly debilitating injuries, with significant morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. In association with the damage of the skin integrity, the risk of infection is increased, posing an obstacle to healing and potentially leading to sepsis. Another limitation against healing is associated with antibiotic resistance mainly due to the use of systemic antibiotics for the treatment of localized infections. Nanotechnology has been successful in finding strategies to incorporate antibiotics in nanoparticles for the treatment of local wounds, thereby avoiding the systemic exposure to the drug. This review focuses on the most recent advances on the use of nanoparticles in wound dressing formulations and in tissue engineering for the treatment of burn wound infections.
“…small size, high surface area, controlled release of bioactive molecules, drug targeting, occlusion and associated with it penetration enhancement and increase of skin hydration and elasticity (Pardeike et al, 2009). The enhanced hydration is obtained because nanosized particles are able to form a film on the surface of skin, promoting occlusiveness and reducing skin water evaporation (Severino et al, 2013) Thanks to the production of lipid nanoparticles from physiological and/or biodegradable lipids, these delivery systems exhibit an excellent tolerability and they are "nanosafe" carrier (Pardeike et al, 2009) Table 2 shows novel formulations based on lipid nanoparticles, matching each drug with its solid lipid, the possible liquid lipid and the surfactant.…”
Section: Sln and Nlc: Colloidal Drug Delivery Systemsmentioning
St. John's Wort (SJW) has been intensively studied in the last years with respect to its pharmacological properties and to understand the mechanism of action of its bioactive compounds. In fact, it is currently used for the treatment of several disorders. Nevertheless, only recently nanotechnology has been applied for the delivery of SJW extract in vivo, to enhance its neuroprotective properties. In the present review, the advantages, the chemical characterization and the special biological features of SJW extract are discussed, underlining the potential use of nanotechnology in the development of drug carrier systems based on lipid nanoparticles. A special focus is given to solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and to nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) given their versatility for a wide range of bioactive compounds.
“…The loading of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) within nano-sized drug delivery systems is being currently exploited to promote product innovation by developing nanoproducts. Nanoproducts used for the delivery of APIs to the skin (e.g., nanopharmaceuticals, nanocosmeceuticals) have already proven their efficacy as several products are already available on the market for the treatment of skin injuries (e.g., atopic dermatitis [2], skin cancer [3], skin burns [4], wound healing [4,5]), and protection from ultraviolet (UV) radiations [6][7][8][9][10]. Some examples of daily contact with nanomaterials are given in Figure 1.…”
Skin aging is described as dermatologic changes either naturally occurring over the course of years or as the result of the exposure to environmental factors (e.g., chemical products, pollution, infrared and ultraviolet radiations). The production of collagen and elastin, the main structural proteins responsible for skin strength and elasticity, is reduced during aging, while their role in skin rejuvenation can trigger a wrinkle reversing effect. Elasticity loss, wrinkles, dry skin, and thinning are some of the signs that can be associated with skin aging. To overcome skin aging, many strategies using natural and synthetic ingredients are being developed aiming to reduce the signs of aging and/or to treat age-related skin problems (e.g., spots, hyper- or hypopigmentation). Among the different approaches in tissue regeneration, the use of nanomaterials loaded with cosmeceuticals (e.g., phytochemicals, vitamins, hyaluronic acid, and growth factors) has become an interesting alternative. Based on their bioactivities and using different nanoformulations as efficient delivery systems, several cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical products are now available on the market aiming to mitigate the signs of aged skin. This manuscript discusses the state of the art of nanomaterials commonly used for topical administration of active ingredients formulated in nanopharmaceuticals and nanocosmeceuticals for skin anti-aging.
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