Nanocellulose Mechanically Isolated from Amorpha fruticosa Linn.

Abstract

Nanocellulose is gaining evident interest from researchers and engineers because of its renewability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, high mechanical strength, abundant hydroxyl groups for potential functionality, and extensive raw materials. Versatile sources are accordingly explored like harvested wood, annual plants, and agricultural residues. However, an abundant shrub plant, Amorpha f ruticosa Linn., has not yet been reported for isolating nanocellulose. We accordingly propose a green method with low energy consumption to extract nanocellulose from the vast shrub source via combined grinding and successive homogenization treatments. The derived nanocellulose possesses a fine structure with a diameter of ∼10 nm and an aspect ratio over 1000, high thermal stability with a maximum decomposition temperature of 337 °C, and similar composition with a hydroxyl group and a crystal I structure to that of natural cellulose. The demonstrated nanopaper presents visible light transmittance over 90% and haze below 15%, which further confirms the fine structure of the derived nanocellulose. Such a method could potentially broaden the major shrub plant with green, sustainable, up-scaled, and value-added applications in highend domains like electronics, biomedicine, aerospace, energy, environments, etc.

Isolation and Characterization of Nanocellulose with a Novel Shape from Walnut (Juglans Regia L.) Shell Agricultural Waste

“…Cellulose, which can be observed in all the plant structures, is a common example of a renewable natural resource and offers the advantages of abundant availability, renewability, and biodegradability [2,3]. With the development of nanotechnology, nanocellulose, prepared from cellulose, has attracted significant attention from academic and industrial researchers because of its low cost, biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity, renewability, sustainability, strong surface reactivity, and desirable physical properties (it is lightweight and impermeable to gas and it also exhibits high stiffness, good optical transparency, and low thermal expansion) [4,5]. Compared with cellulose, nanocellulose exhibits large surface area, high crystallinity, high mechanical strength, high hydrophilicity and supramolecular structure [6].…”

Variation of the milling conditions in the obtaining of nanocellulose from the paper sludge

“…An alternative to isolation is the mechanical method, with emphasis on the methodology of ball milling. This method is considered environmentally friendly because it does not use hazardous chemical reagents [17].…”

Hexagonal Boron Nitride/Microfibril Cellulose/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Ternary Composite Film with Thermal Conductivity and Flexibility

“…These substances retain the original structure and properties of cellulose. Moreover, its structure results in special chemical and physical properties such as a high modulus, specific surface area, strength, and transparency [13,14,15], which assist in increasing the thermal conductivity of materials. Xia et al [12] combined sisal fiber cellulose with h-BN, and then filled the cellulose with epoxy resin to produce a thermally conductive composite material with thermal conductivity of 6.418 W·m −1 ·K −1 .…”