“…">IntroductionCadmium, as an essential resource in the earth, is widely used in chemical industry, electronics industry, nuclear industry, semiconducting, quantum dots, phosphate fertilizers, rechargeable batteries, pigments, electroplating, stabilizer, metallurgy, ceramic enamels. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Consequently, there is a widespread Cd 2+ contamination in air, water, and soil. 7 Cadmium is a non-essential substance for the organism, and is even classi-ed as a human carcinogen.…”