Nano-modified indium tin oxide incorporated with ideal microlens array for light extraction of OLED

Zhou, Jiankang; Hua, Xiao-Chen; Chen, Yangkai; Ma, Yuechao; Huang, Chen-Chao; Wang, Yandong; Fung, Man‐Keung

doi:10.1039/c9tc00195f

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…On one hand, the excellent performance exceeding spin statistics is benefitting from the large contribution of high-lying excited states, which can effectively leverage triplet-singlet exciton conversion via the HLCT channel. 59 On the other hand, these distinct EUEs are observed by using the same emitter of PI-DPO-TPA, which suggests the difference in the recombined quantities of carriers inside the emitter. The charge mobilities are investigated based on the method of space charge limited current (SCLC).…”

Section: Electroluminescencementioning

confidence: 98%

“Like–Likes–Like” strategy for the design of electron transport materials and emitters with facilitated interlayer electron transport and improved efficiency

Lin

Iqbal

et al. 2022

J. Mater. Chem. C

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Section: Electroluminescencementioning

confidence: 98%

“Like–Likes–Like” strategy for the design of electron transport materials and emitters with facilitated interlayer electron transport and improved efficiency

Lin

Iqbal

et al. 2022

J. Mater. Chem. C

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“…[4,5] Singlelens eyes (e.g., human eye; Figure 1a) [6] usually have a crystalline lens, cornea, a retina, and optic nerve. The reflected light of the object from outside environment is refracted and focused on the retina by the lens and then transmitted to the brain by technique, [50][51][52][53][54][55][56] µ-TAS, [57][58][59][60][61] and microfabrication. [62] Until now, there have been intense methods to fabricate MLAs, and as a result, nearly 100% fill factor MLAs have been realized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired Artificial Compound Eyes: Characteristic, Fabrication, and Application

Yang

Bian

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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the visual nerve perception. This type of eyes has ultrahigh resolution, which can get clear image information. Inspired by this imaging system, people have put significant efforts over a long time for development of camera-related optical system for various applications, such as endoscope, digital camera, smartphones, robot eyes, visual implants. [7][8][9][10] Because of the rapid progress in micro/nano technologies, the artificial eyes structures can achieve extremely high resolution that is close to or even exceeding the human eye. However, the low field of view (FOV) (the maximum value is only 90°) hinders its wider applications. To solve this problem, multiple cameras need to be put together to work, which not only increases the cost, but also makes the entire optical system cumbersome. Hence, an optical device with portable, integrated, and large FOV features is highly desired.Different from the single-lens eyes, the insect eyes adopt another visual system. Figure 1b shows a honeybee's apposition compound eye, which has thousands of ommatidia arranged on a curved surface so that each ommatidium points in different directions. [11] Each unit consists of a lens, a crystalline cone, and a rhabdom. The focused light signal is transmitted to the photosensitive area by the crystalline cone, and then visual perception is generated after passing through the rhabdom. Each of the ommatidium can image which enables the insects to obtain sufficient information in a complex environment and exhibits the characteristics of large FOV, low aberration, and high sensitivity to moving objects. [12] In addition to the honeybee's compound eyes, the eyes of other insects in nature, such as mosquito eye, [13] fly's eye, [14] moth's eye, [15] and dragonfly's eye [16] also have similar structure and have attracted much attention due to the deep research on bionics. [4,9,12,[17][18][19][20][21] The characteristics of the compound eyes in nature and the advanced micro/nano-processing technologies provide great technical support and inspiration for the researchers to prepare artificial compound eyes (ACEs) with close-packed microlens arrays (MLAs) as optical imaging elements. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Such MLAs compose of microscale lenses with the same surface feature and the regular arrangements are important microoptical components. The great light field (LF) regulation and focusing abilities of MLAs have made it essentially in various applications such as imaging, [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] dynamic target capture, [40][41][42] beaming homogenizing, [43][44][45][46] sensing, [47][48][49] light extractionThe natural compound eyes provide great inspiration for design of advanced imaging devices. Artificial compound eyes (ACEs) with close-packed microlens arrays (MLAs) have attracted enormous research interests due to their remarkable advantages in modern micro-optical systems, such as miniaturization, high integration, tunable focal length, large field of view, and moving objects tracking. Over a decade of intens...

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“…Microlens arrays (MLAs) and MLA-based artificial compound eyes (ACEs) play a key role in advanced micro-optical systems (Pan et al, 2007 ; Song et al, 2013 ; Gorzelak et al, 2014 ; Petsch et al, 2016 ; Lin et al, 2018 ). By taking advantages of small size, high integration, and striking optical capability, MLAs and ACEs are widely applied in light-field regulation (Deng et al, 2014 ; Wei et al, 2018 ; Zhou et al, 2018 ; Sohna et al, 2019 ), fiber coupling (Elsherif et al, 2019 ; Liu et al, 2019 ; Orth et al, 2019 ), lab-on-chip devices (Fei et al, 2011 ; Lv et al, 2016 ; Vespini et al, 2016 ), biochemical observation (Ma et al, 2014 ; Holzner et al, 2018 ), laser microfabrication (Bekesi et al, 2010 ; Li et al, 2020 ), solar cells (Chen Y. et al, 2013 ), sensors (Zanella et al, 2020 ), three-dimensional imaging (Li et al, 2016 ; Kim et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ; Joo et al, 2020 ; Qin et al, 2020 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ), and light extraction (Shin et al, 2018 ; Zhou et al, 2019a , b ). However, the normal use of the MLA is usually restricted by many limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-Review on Bioinspired Superwetting Microlens Array and Compound Eye

et al. 2020

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Microlens arrays (MLAs) and MLA-based artificial compound eyes (ACEs) are the important miniaturized optical components in modern micro-optical systems. However, their optical performance will seriously decline once they are wetted by water droplets (such as fog, dew, and rain droplets) or are polluted by contaminations in a humid environment. In this mini-review, we summarize the research works related to the fabrication of superwetting MLAs and ACEs and show how to integrate superhydrophobic and superoleophobic microstructures with an MLA. The fabrication strategy can be split into two categories. One is the hybrid pattern composed of the MLA domain and the superwetting domain. Another is the direct formation of superwetting nanostructures on the surface of the microlenses. The superhydrophobicity or superoleophobicity endows the MLAs and ACEs with liquid repellence and self-cleaning function besides excellent optical performance. We believe that the superwetting MLAs and ACEs will have significant applications in various optical systems that are often used in the humid or liquid environment.

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Nano-modified indium tin oxide incorporated with ideal microlens array for light extraction of OLED

Abstract: Nano-modified ITO anode with low haze incorporated with ideal microlens arrays is achieved for high-efficiency OLED.

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

“Like–Likes–Like” strategy for the design of electron transport materials and emitters with facilitated interlayer electron transport and improved efficiency

“Like–Likes–Like” strategy for the design of electron transport materials and emitters with facilitated interlayer electron transport and improved efficiency

Bioinspired Artificial Compound Eyes: Characteristic, Fabrication, and Application

Mini-Review on Bioinspired Superwetting Microlens Array and Compound Eye

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