Na-carbonate waters of extreme composition: Possible origin and evolution.

Venturelli, G.; Boschetti, Tiziano; Duchi, Vittorio

doi:10.2343/geochemj.37.351

Cited by 45 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…For MGR and BAC, which have low TDS, the ratio higher than 2 is due to mixing with Na-carbonate water (see sample F11 in Fig. 3; Venturelli et al 2003;Iacumin et al 2007). The investigated brackish waters have Na/Cl in the range 0.68-1.40, thus they cannot be interpreted as generated by simple mixing between marine water (Na/Cl = 0.85, atomic ratio) or via dissolution of halite (Na/Cl = 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…3Chlorine vs. other elements logarithmic plots for the salt waters from Northern Apennine Foredeep (symbols as inFig. 2; open diamonds: Na-bicarbonate waters from the Po Basin,Venturelli et al 2003). Data from this study and the literature (Appendix 1 in Electronic supplementary material) are compared with Miocene interstitial waters from the W-Mediterranean (closed diamonds;Vengosh et al 1994), the evaporation trajectory of seawater (circles: data fromFontes andMatray 1993, andPierre 1982; G and H: gypsum and halite precipitation point) and seawatermeteoric water mixing line (drop: present-day meteoric water, data fromVenturelli 2003) …”

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confidence: 99%

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Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

et al. 2010

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The salt waters from the Emilia-Romagna sector of the Northern Apennine Foredeep have been investigated using major and trace element and stable isotope (d 2 H, d 18 O, d 37 Cl, d 81 Br and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratio). Ca, Mg, Na, K, Sr, Li, B, I, Br and SO 4 vs. Cl diagrams suggest the subaerial evaporation of seawater beyond gypsum and before halite precipitation as primary process to explain the brine's salinity, whereas saline to brackish waters were formed by mixing of evaporated seawater and water of meteoric origin. A diagenetic end-member may be a third component for mud volcanoes and some brackish waters. Salinization by dissolution of (Triassic) evaporites has been detected only in samples from the Tuscan side of the Apennines and/or interacting with the Tuscan Nappe. In comparison with the seawater evaporation path, Ca-Sr enrichment and Na-K-Mg depletion of the foredeep waters reveal the presence of secondary processes such as dolomitization-chloritization, zeolitization-albitization and illitization. Sulfate concentration, formerly buffered by gypsum-anhydrite deposition, is heavily lowered by bacterial and locally by thermochemical reduction during burial diagenesis. From an isotopic point of view, data of the water molecule confirm mixing between seawater and meteoric endmembers. Local 18 O-shift up to ?11% at Salsomaggiore is related to water-rock interaction at high temperature (&150°C) as confirmed by chemical (Mg, Li, Ca distribution) and isotopic (SO 4 -H 2 O) geothermometers. 37 Cl/ 35 Cl and 81 Br/ 79 Br ratios corroborate the Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (marine origin of the brines and evidence the diffusion of halogens from the deepest and most saline aquifers toward the surface. The 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratio suggests a Miocene origin of Sr and rule out the hypothesis of a Triassic provenance of the dissolved components for the analyzed waters issuing from the Emilia-Romagna sector of the foredeep. Waters issuing from the Tuscan side of the Apennines and from the Marche sector of the foredeep show higher 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios because of the interaction with siliciclastic rocks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

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confidence: 99%

Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

et al. 2010

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“…These Na-sulfate deep fluids are characterized, 902 F. Ronchetti et al: Groundwater processes in a complex landslide, northern Apennines, Italy themselves, by the mixing between two extreme hydrotypes: a Na-bicarbonate water and a Ca-sulfate water. The first is typical of geothermal water in the Apennines (Venturelli et al, 2003) and is linked to the infiltration at great depth of rain water and the subsequent long term interaction between water and rock masses that leads to degradation of the Na-silicate. The second hydrotype, Ca-sulfate water, might be related to the presence of gypsum deposits in the stratigraphic sequence of the Apennines chain (gypsum dissolution in Bertolini and Gorgoni, 2001).…”

Section: Characterization Of Water Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater processes in a complex landslide, northern Apennines, Italy

Ronchetti

Borgatti

Cervi

et al. 2009

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The hydrogeological characteristics of rototranslational slides in flysch are complex, due to the inherent anisotropy and heterogeneity of rock masses and related deposits. The paper deals with the hydrogeological characterization of a reactivated roto-translational slide affecting Cretaceous flysch rocks, located in the northern Apennines of Italy. Continuous monitoring of groundwater levels, in-situ permeability and pumping tests, hydrochemical and physical analyses and Uranine tracers were the adopted prospecting methods.In this research hydrological monitoring and investigation are summarized in order to define a hydrogeological conceptual model of the landslide source area. Results showed that two overlaying hydrogeological units exist at the slope scale: the first is unconfined, but highly compartmentalized, and hosted in the fractured and dismembered rock slide body. The second is confined and lays in the undisturbed flysch below the sliding surface. The groundwater level in the confined hydrogeological unit is twenty meters higher than the groundwater level in the uppermost one. Moreover, the groundwater chemistry characterization revealed a rising of deep fluids in the landslide area.

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“…Moreover, there are no local mineralogical phases that could provide Cl − . (Conti et al, 2000), 3b and 3c (Capozzi and Picotti, 2010) -mud volcanoes; 5 -common shallow groundwater; 6 (Cervi, 2003), 7 (Venturelli et al, 2003) -springs; 8 -hydrocarbon seep. Black line: evaporation line from seawater.…”

Section: Origin Of Groundwater and Deep Water Inflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and assessment of deep groundwater inflow in the Ca' Lita landslide using hydrochemistry and in situ monitoring

Cervi

Ronchetti

Martinelli

et al. 2012

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Changes in soil water content, groundwater flow and a rise in pore water pressure are well-known causal or triggering factors for hillslope instability. Rainfall and snowmelt are generally assumed as the main sources of groundwater recharge. This assumption neglects the role of deep water inflow in highly tectonized areas, a factor that can influence long-term pore-pressure regimes and play a role on local slope instability.This paper aims to assess the origin of groundwater in the Ca' Lita landslide (northern Italian Apennines) and to qualify and quantify the aliquot attributable to deep water inflow. The research is essentially based on in situ monitoring and hydrochemical analyses. It involved 5 yr of continuous monitoring of groundwater levels, electrical conductivity and temperature and with groundwater sampling followed by determination of major ions (Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Cl − , HCO Results show that the groundwater balance in the Ca' Lita landslide must take into account an inflow of deep and highly mineralised Na-SO 4 water (more than 9500 µS cm −1 ) with non-negligible amounts of Cl − (up to 800 mg l −1 ). The chemical and isotopic fingerprint of this water points to oilfield water hosted at large depths in the Apennine chain and that uprises through a regional fault line crossing the landslide area. It recharges the aquifer hosted in the bedrock underlying the sliding surface (at a rate of about 49 000-85 700 m 3 yr −1 ) and it also partly recharges the landslide body. In both the aquifers, the hydrochemical imprint of deep water mixed with rainfall and snowmelt water was observed. This indicates a probable influence of deep water inflow on the mobility of the Ca' Lita landslide, a finding that could be applicable to other large landslides occurring in highly tectonized areas in the northern Apennines or in other mountain chains. The paper demonstrates that hydrochemistry should, therefore, be considered as a valuable investigation method to define hydrogeological limits and the groundwater sources in hillslope and to assess groundwater flow patterns in deepseated landslides.

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Na-carbonate waters of extreme composition: Possible origin and evolution.

Cited by 45 publications

References 28 publications

Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

Salt Waters of the Northern Apennine Foredeep Basin (Italy): Origin and Evolution

Groundwater processes in a complex landslide, northern Apennines, Italy

Origin and assessment of deep groundwater inflow in the Ca' Lita landslide using hydrochemistry and in situ monitoring

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