N9-substituted derivatives of kinetin: Effective anti-senescence agents

Mik, Václav; Szüčová, Lucie; Šmehilová, Mária; Zatloukal, Marek; Doležal, Karel; Nisler, Jaroslav; Grúz, Jiří; Galuszka, Petr; Strnad, Miroslav; Spíchal, Lukáš

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.02.002

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Additionally, it has been shown that aging is accompanied by increased apoptosis and decreased immune function [16]. Kn is widely found in plants and animals, and may effectively protect against aging in human fibroblasts [12]. This factor has anti-aging effects, acts synergistically with Vitamin B3 [14], and can affect cell shape as well as the internal cytoskeleton structure [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetin inhibits apoptosis of aging spleen cells induced by D-galactose in rats

Ouyang

et al. 2014

J Vet Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Kinetin (Kn) is a cytokinin growth factor that exerts several anti-aging and antioxidant effects on cells and organs. To investigate the mechanism underlying apoptotic events in aging cells induced by D-galactose (D-gal), we examined the effect of Kn delivered via nuchal subcutaneous injection on D-gal-induced aging and apoptosis in rats. Our results showed that interleukin (IL)-2 levels and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) were decreased by Kn in aging rats while IL-6 production and apoptosis increased. In addition, the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 was low while that of Bax was high in the aging group. After treated with Kn, compared with aging group, there showed obvious difference in Kn group with elevated IL-2, proliferation index, Bcl-2, ΔΨm and decreased IL-6 and Bax in splenic lymphocyte. Based on these results, we concluded that Kn can effectively protect the rat spleen from aging, apoptosis, and atrophy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetin inhibits apoptosis of aging spleen cells induced by D-galactose in rats

Ouyang

et al. 2014

J Vet Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The primers used in our experiment amplified specifically for the following genes: glucosyltransferases UGT73C1 , UGT73C5 , UGT76C1 , UGT76C2 , UGT85A1 ; CK dehydrogenases CKX1 - 7 ; isopentenyltransferases IPT1-9 ; CK nucleoside 5′-monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase LOG2 , LOG8 ; CK trans -hydroxylase CYP735A2 ; response regulators type A ( ARR5 , ARR15 , ARR16 ), type B ( ARR1 , ARR2 , ARR10 , ARR14 ); CK receptors AHK4 , AHK2 , AHK3 . All the listed primers were designed according to our previously published work (Mik et al, 2011; Motte et al, 2013; also see Supplementary material of these publications for details), Rubisco small chain RUBsc (Hensel et al, 1993), cysteine protease senescence-associated gene SAG12 (Gepstein et al, 2003; Wagstaff et al, 2009) and chlorophyll a/b binding protein CAB2 (Kim et al, 2006), for transcription factors MYB2 (Guo and Gan, 2011) and WRKY53 (Hinderhofer and Zentgraf, 2001; Balazadeh et al, 2008); for 1-aminocyklopropan-1-carboxylate synthase ACS8 as a key regulatory enzyme in the biosynthesis of the plant hormone ethylene (Tian et al, 2009); for chalcone flavanone isomerase CHI as anthocyanins biosynthetic enzyme (Catala et al, 2011); 9- cis -epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase NCED3 , a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (Tan et al, 2003). RNA from three biological replicates was transcribed in at least two independent reactions and each cDNA sample was run in at least three technical replications on Viia7 TM Real-Time PCR System in a default program (Life Technologies).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinin-Specific Glycosyltransferases Possess Different Roles in Cytokinin Homeostasis Maintenance

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plant hormones cytokinins (CKs) are one of the major mediators of physiological responses throughout plant life span. Therefore, a proper homeostasis is maintained by regulation of their active levels. Besides degradation, CKs are deactivated by uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Physiologically, CKs active levels decline in senescing organs, providing a signal to nutrients that a shift to reproductive tissues has begun. In this work, we show CK glucosides distribution in Arabidopsis leaves during major developmental transition phases. Besides continuous accumulation of N-glucosides we detected sharp maximum of the glucosides in senescence. This is caused prevalently by N7-glucosides followed by N9-glucosides and specifically also by trans-zeatin-O-glucoside (tZOG). Interestingly, we observed a similar trend in response to exogenously applied CK. In Arabidopsis, only three UGTs deactivate CKs in vivo: UGT76C1, UGT76C2 and UGT85A1. We thereby show that UGT85A1 is specifically expressed in senescent leaves whereas UGT76C2 is activated rapidly in response to exogenously applied CK. To shed more light on the UGTs physiological roles, we performed a comparative study on UGTs loss-of-function mutants, characterizing a true ugt85a1-1 loss-of-function mutant for the first time. Although no altered phenotype was detected under standard condition we observed reduced chlorophyll degradation with increased anthocyanin accumulation in our experiment on detached leaves accompanied by senescence and stress related genes modulated expression. Among the mutants, ugt76c2 possessed extremely diminished CK N-glucosides levels whereas ugt76c1 showed some specificity toward cis-zeatin (cZ). Besides tZOG, a broader range of CK glucosides was decreased in ugt85a1-1. Performing CK metabolism gene expression profiling, we revealed that activation of CK degradation pathway serves as a general regulatory mechanism of disturbed CK homeostasis followed by decreased CK signaling in all UGT mutants. In contrast, a specific regulation of CKX7, CKX1 and CKX2 was observed for each individual UGT mutant isoform after exogenous CK uptake. Employing an in silico prediction we proposed cytosolic localization of UGT76C1 and UGT76C2, that we further confirmed by GFP tagging of UGT76C2. Integrating all the results, we therefore hypothesize that UGTs possess different physiological roles in Arabidopsis and serve as a fine-tuning mechanism of active CK levels in cytosol.

show abstract

“…Similar composition and abundance of the biological active CKs as well as lack of detection of the N-glucosides (deactivation product) was observed in macroalgae-derived Kelpak Ò (Stirk et al 2004). Even though N-glucosides are often regarded as deactivation products, recent evidence has demonstrated certain degree of biological activity (Gajdošová 2011; Mik et al 2011). Among the (well-recognized) biologically active free bases, iP [ cZ [ tZ [ DHZ in the three batches of VCL with iP comprising approximately 50 %.…”

Section: Cytokinin Concentrations and Role In Vermicompost Leachatementioning

confidence: 69%

Evidence of phytohormones and phenolic acids variability in garden-waste-derived vermicompost leachate, a well-known plant growth stimulant

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cytokinins, auxins, abscisic acid, gibberellins (GAs) and brassinosteroids (BRs) as well as the phenolic acid content in three batches of vermicompost leachate (VCL) were quantified using ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. N 6 -isopentenyladenine formed the major (60 %) proportion of the CK content while dihydrozeatin had the lowest (\0.02 %) concentration. Indole-3-acetic acid ranged from approximately 0.55-0.77 pmol/mL. A total of 18 GAs including bioactive forms and metabolic end products were observed in the VCL samples. Cathasterone had the highest (2,500-3,200 fg/mL) concentration while brassinolide was the lowest (1-5 fg/mL) abundant BRs found. Phenolic acids quantified were protocatechuic acid (3-3.6 lg/mL), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (2.5-2.8 lg/mL), p-coumaric acid (1-1.7 lg/mL) and ferulic acid (0-4 lg/mL). These results provide an indication of the rich diversity in natural PGRs and phytochemicals in VCL which may inevitably contribute to the numerous favorable physiological responses elicited by VCL application to plants.

show abstract

N9-substituted derivatives of kinetin: Effective anti-senescence agents

Cited by 33 publications

References 52 publications

Kinetin inhibits apoptosis of aging spleen cells induced by D-galactose in rats

Kinetin inhibits apoptosis of aging spleen cells induced by D-galactose in rats

Cytokinin-Specific Glycosyltransferases Possess Different Roles in Cytokinin Homeostasis Maintenance

Evidence of phytohormones and phenolic acids variability in garden-waste-derived vermicompost leachate, a well-known plant growth stimulant

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About