Myeloid Sarcoma: Clinical and Morphologic Criteria Useful for Diagnosis

Audouin, Josée; Comperat, E.; Tourneau, A. Le; Camilleri-Broët, S.; Adida, Colette; Molina, Thierry Jo; Diébold, J

doi:10.1177/106689690301100404

Cited by 115 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…3,4 Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with expression of ALK and extramedullary myeloid tumor can be excluded by immunohistochemical studies for ALK and myeloid markers, respectively. 5,6 However, in many cases of plasmablastic lymphoma, the most difficult issue in the differential diagnosis is excluding plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma with extramedullary involvement. This is a clinically important distinction, since plasmablastic lymphoma is listed in the WHO classification as a variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma implying that therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is appropriate, while plasma cell myeloma cases are treated with different chemotherapy regimens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmablastic lymphomas and plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas have nearly identical immunophenotypic profiles

Vega

Chang

Medeiros³

et al. 2005

Modern Pathology

318

299

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Plasmablastic lymphoma is an aggressive neoplasm that shares many cytomorphologic and immunophenotypic features with plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma. However, plasmablastic lymphoma is listed in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification as a variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. To characterize the relationship between plasmablastic lymphoma and plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma, we performed immunohistochemistry using a large panel of B-cell and plasma cell markers on nine cases of plasmablastic lymphoma and seven cases of plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma with and without HIV/AIDS. The expression profiles of the tumor suppressor genes p53, p16, and p27, and the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus type 8 (HHV-8) were also analyzed. All cases of plasmablastic lymphoma and plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma were positive for MUM1/IRF4, CD138, and CD38, and negative for CD20, corresponding to a plasma cell immunophenotype. PAX-5 and BCL-6 were weakly positive in 2/9 and 1/5 plasmablastic lymphomas, and negative in all plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas. Three markers that are often aberrantly expressed in cases of plasma cell myelomas, CD56, CD4 and CD10, were positive in 5/9, 2/5, and 6/9 plasmablastic lymphomas, and in 3/7, 1/5, and 2/7 plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas. A high Ki-67 proliferation index, overexpression of p53, and loss of expression of p16 and p27 were present in both tumors. No evidence of HHV-8 infection was detected in either neoplasm. The only significant difference between plasmablastic lymphoma and plasma cell myeloma was the presence of EBV-encoded RNA, which was positive in all plasmablastic lymphoma cases tested and negative in all plasma cell myelomas. In conclusion, most cases of AIDS-related plasmablastic lymphoma have an immunophenotype and tumor suppressor gene expression profile virtually identical to plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma, and unlike diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. These results do not support the suggestion in the WHO classification that plasmablastic lymphoma is a variant of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmablastic lymphomas and plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas have nearly identical immunophenotypic profiles

Vega

Chang

Medeiros³

et al. 2005

Modern Pathology

318

299

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“…CD45 exhibits moderate positive expression in myeloid sarcomas. CD20 is a characteristic differentiation antigen of B cells, and it is expressed by B cells from the pre-B cell period until their differentiation into plasma cells (10). The majority of studies consider that myeloid sarcomas are CD20-negative, however, Mourad et al (8) reported that the CD20 expression rate is 13% in myeloid sarcomas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myeloid sarcoma derived from the gastrointestinal tract: A case report and review of the literature

et al. 2016

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. Myeloid sarcoma is a type of malignant neoplasm composed of myeloblasts that locates extramedullary. The present study reports the case of a 31-year-old female who presented with upper abdominal pain, melena, vomiting and jaundice. The abdominal computed tomography revealed a mass in gastric antrum area and possible infiltration of the duodenum, gallbladder and head of the pancreas, with possible retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis. The tumor grew quickly and led to serious obstructive jaundice. New masses developed in the bilateral orbits and left breast within 2 months of admission. The pathological results of the gastroscopic biopsy and the fine-needle biopsy of the breast revealed myeloid sarcoma. Transhepatic cholangial drainage, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were administered, but the disease reoccurred and became resistant to chemotherapy, so salvage allogenetic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation was performed. The disease relapsed at 5 months post-transplantation, and chemotherapy and donor lymphocytes transfusions were then administered. The patient declined further treatment and succumbed to disease on May 19, 2015. The present study could improve the understanding of myeloid sarcoma and provide a reference for standardized and individualized treatments for this disease.

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“…2) However, positive CD34 is not necessary for all GS. 3) A case of GS of the epididymis was negative for CD34. 16) CD34 was positive in only one of our two cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated Recurrence of Granulocytic Sarcoma -Two Case Reports-

Wang

Qin

et al. 2009

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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Two patients presented with rare isolated recurrence of granulocytic sarcoma. A 29-year-old male presented with an extra-and intracranial mass 10 years after bone marrow transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia. A 34-year-old female presented with an intracranial mass 3 years after complete remission of acute myeloid leukemia-M2a. Both patients underwent surgical resection. The first patient received adequate postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and achieved complete remission without evidence of diseases during the 6-month follow up. The second patient only received whole brain radiotherapy, failed to respond, and died of systemic leukemia later. These two cases demonstrate that neurosurgeons should pay attention to the occurrence of isolated recurrent granulocytic sarcoma, especially in patients with a history of hematologic neoplasm. Immediate pathological and cytogenetic diagnoses are essential.

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Myeloid Sarcoma: Clinical and Morphologic Criteria Useful for Diagnosis

Cited by 115 publications

References 38 publications

Plasmablastic lymphomas and plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas have nearly identical immunophenotypic profiles

Plasmablastic lymphomas and plasmablastic plasma cell myelomas have nearly identical immunophenotypic profiles

Myeloid sarcoma derived from the gastrointestinal tract: A case report and review of the literature

Isolated Recurrence of Granulocytic Sarcoma -Two Case Reports-

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