Mycotoxin production of Alternaria strains isolated from Korean barley grains determined by LC-MS/MS

Nguyen, Thuong T. T.; Kim, Jueun; Jeon, Sun Jeong; Lee, Chul Won; Magan, Naresh; Lee, Hyang Burm

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.01.003

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…AOH, AME, TEN), 11,59 thus we conduct relevant exploratory experiments. The data presented in this study showed that high levels AME, AOH, ALT and TEN were detected in non-BITC treated A. alternata, similar to the report by T. T. T. Nguyen et al 60 AME and AOH produced a high intensity (271.0 and 257.0 m/z) in negative mode (ESI À ), and these results were consistent with the previous studies of A. A. Hildebrand et al (2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Benzyl isothiocyanate fumigation inhibits growth, membrane integrity and mycotoxin production inAlternaria alternata

Wang

et al. 2020

RSC Adv.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Benzyl isothiocyanate fumigation inhibits growth, membrane integrity and mycotoxin production inAlternaria alternata

Wang

et al. 2020

RSC Adv.

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“…Alternaria fungi was also noted in grain from Hebei Province in China [34]. These fungi are widespread in wheat and barley grains in Asia and produce the main Alternaria mycotoxins, such as AOH, AME, and TeA [34,48]. In our study, a strong positive correlation between the contents of A. sect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Natural Occurrence of Alternaria Fungi and Associated Mycotoxins in Small-Grain Cereals from The Urals and West Siberia Regions of Russia

Орина

Gavrilova

Gogina

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Alternaria fungi dominate the grain microbiota in many regions of the world; therefore, the detection of species that are able to produce mycotoxins has received much attention. A total of 178 grain samples of wheat, barley and oat obtained from the Urals and West Siberia regions of Russia in 2017–2019 were included in the study. Grain contamination with Alternaria fungi belonging to sections Alternaria and Infectoriae was analysed using qPCR with specific primers. The occurrence of four mycotoxins produced by Alternaria, AOH, AME, TEN, and TeA, was defined by HPLC-MS/MS. Alternaria DNA was found in all analysed grain samples. The prevalence of DNA of Alternaria sect. Alternaria fungi (range 53 × 10−4–21,731 × 10−4 pg/ng) over the DNA of Alternaria sect. Infectoriae (range 11 × 10−4‒4237 × 10−4 pg/ng) in the grain samples was revealed. Sixty-two percent of grain samples were contaminated by at least two Alternaria mycotoxins. The combination of TEN and TeA was found most often. Eight percent of grain samples were contaminated by all four mycotoxins, and only 3% of samples were free from the analysed secondary toxic metabolites. The amounts varied in a range of 2–53 µg/kg for AOH, 3–56 µg/kg for AME, 3–131 µg/kg for TEN and 9–15,000 µg/kg for TeA. To our knowledge, a new global maximum level of natural contamination of wheat grain with TeA was detected. A positive correlation between the amount of DNA from Alternaria sect. Alternaria and TeA was observed. The significant effects of cereal species and geographic origin of samples on the amounts of DNA and mycotoxins of Alternaria spp. in grain were revealed. Barley was the most heavily contaminated with fungi belonging to both sections. The content of AOH in oat grain was, on average, higher than that found in wheat and barley. The content of TEN in the grain of barley was lower than that in wheat and similar to that in oat. The content of TeA did not depend on the cereal crop. The effect of weather conditions (summer temperature and rainfall) on the final fungal and mycotoxin contamination of grain was discussed. The frequent co-occurrence of different Alternaria fungi and their mycotoxins in grain indicates the need for further studies investigating this issue.

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“…This suggests that the sample dilution already reduced the ME. Generally, AOH, AME, and TEA have high MEs [13,18,20,24,25,[30][31][32][33]36]. However, only the signal of AOH was considerably influenced by MEs in all matrices analyzed using the described method.…”

Section: Methods Performance Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Dilute and Shoot Strategy for Determining Alternaria Toxins in Tomato-Based Samples and in Different Flours Using LC-IDMS Separation

Tölgyesi¹,

Farkas²,

Bálint³

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Alternaria toxins are emerging mycotoxins whose regulation and standardization are in progress by the European Commission and the European Committee for Standardization. This paper describes a dilute and shoot approach to determine five Alternaria toxins in selected food samples using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The strategy involves sample extraction with acidified aqueous methanol, followed by a solvent change accomplished via sample evaporation and reconstitution. The quantification is based on isotope dilution, applying all corresponding isotopically labeled internal standards to compensate possible matrix effects of the analysis. The main advantages of the present method over other existing methods includes simple and effective sample preparation, as well as detection with high sensitivity. The five-fold sample dilution can decrease matrix effects, which were evaluated with both external and internal standard methods. The results demonstrated a limit of quantification lower than 1.0 µg/kg for all five analytes for the first time. The newly presented method showed acceptable accuracy (52.7–111%) when analyzing naturally contaminated and spiked standard samples at the described levels. The method was validated for tomato-based and flour samples (wheat, rye, and maize). The absolute recovery ranged from 66.7% to 91.6% (RSD < 10%). The developed method could be an alternative approach for those laboratories that exclude sample cleanup and pre-concentration of state-of-the-art instruments with enhanced sensitivity.

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Mycotoxin production of Alternaria strains isolated from Korean barley grains determined by LC-MS/MS

Cited by 27 publications

References 38 publications

Benzyl isothiocyanate fumigation inhibits growth, membrane integrity and mycotoxin production inAlternaria alternata

Benzyl isothiocyanate fumigation inhibits growth, membrane integrity and mycotoxin production inAlternaria alternata

Natural Occurrence of Alternaria Fungi and Associated Mycotoxins in Small-Grain Cereals from The Urals and West Siberia Regions of Russia

A Dilute and Shoot Strategy for Determining Alternaria Toxins in Tomato-Based Samples and in Different Flours Using LC-IDMS Separation

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