Muscanone: A 3‐O‐(1′′,8′′,14′′‐Trimethylhexadecanyl)naringenin from Commiphora wightii

Abstract

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.

Trans and positional ethylenic bonds in two dominant isomers of eicosapentaenoic acid from the freshwater sponge Baicalospongia bacillifera

“…It is known that carbons adjacent to trans double bonds have chemical shifts in the δ 29.5-38.0 range, whereas those adjacent to cis double bonds have values of δ 26.0-28.5. The five signals of the ester 2 were in the δ 25.59-27.33 range (C-4, C-7, C-10, C-13, and C-16) ( Table 1), confirming the cis configuration of ∆ 5,8,11,14 double bonds, and one signal at δ 32.51 (C-17) corresponded to the trans configuration of the ∆ 18 double bond. Thus, the NMR data just discussed confirmed the structure of the ester of the main EPA isomer 2, which was determined by GC-MS analysis of its derivatives.…”

“…On the one hand, the amount, chemical shifts, and interactions of protons at the range from C-2 to C-15 were typical for ∆ 5 polyunsaturated methylene-interrupted FAME (20). The signal of ∆ 5,8,11,14 protons in the range of 5.33-5.41 correlated with the multiplets at δ 2.79-2.84 (2H-7, 2H-10, 2H-13) and at δ 2.09-2.15 (2H-4, 2H-16). On the other hand, the COSY experiment showed characteristic coupling from the n-1 protons (3H, δ 1.65, doublet) to the separated olefinic signal at δ 5.41-5.48 (H-19, H-17) that in turn indicated coupling with the methylene group at δ 2.04 (2H-17).…”

“…Freshwater and marine sponges are very primitive multicellular animals characterized by the presence of several groups of symbiotic organisms and an extremely wide diversity in their FA compositions (1). Unique sponge biomembranes contain a high proportion of unusual FA (2,3) (i.e., very long chain C 24 -C 32 constituents named demospongic acids), some of which show a high biological activity (4)(5)(6)(7). Among more than 5000 known sponges, about 150 species live in freshwater.…”

Guggulsterone –Farnesoid X receptor interaction

“…The major constituentsinclude Eguggulsterone(23) (Figure 11), Z-guggulsterone(24) (Figure 11), guggulsterol-1 (25) (Figure 12), guggulsterol-II (26) (Figure 12), guggulsterol-III (27) (Figure 12) [32] , guggulsterol-IV (28) (Figure 13), guggulsterol-V (29)(Figure 13) [33] , and guggulsterol-VI (30) (Figure 13) [34] Other isolated steroids are 20 -hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one(31) (Figure 13), 20 -hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, and 16hydroxy-4,17(20)-Z-pregnadien-3-one, which has beendesignated as Z-guggulsterol [34] . Progesterone and relatedsteroids, 4-pregnene-3,16-dione (32) (Figure 13), (20R)-20-acetoxy-4-pregnene-3,16-dione,16acetyloxypregn-4,17 (20)-trans-diene-3-one (33) (Figure 14), 3 -acetyloxy-5 -pregnan-16-one (34) (Figure 14), and 20R,22R-dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one (35) (Figure 14), have also been isolated [35] . Cholesterol has also been reported.…”

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitory Activity of the Flavonoids and Xanthones from Anaxagorea luzonensis

“…Quercetin (6, 110.5 mg) [18] was obtained from the same fraction as 1 of the CH 2 Cl 2 extract. Fraction B4-2 of the butanol extract afforded orobol (7, 410.4 mg) [19], naringenin (8, 46.3 mg) [20], aromadendrin (9, 91.6 mg) [21] and taxifolin (10, 320.02 mg) [22] by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography (CC) eluted with methanol. Finally, the third sub-fraction from fraction B4-3 yielded kaempferol (11, 78.1 mg) [18] by Sephadex LH-20 CC eluted with 1:1 (v/v) ratio of chloroform: methanol.…”