Multispectral Large‐Panel X‐ray Imaging Enabled by Stacked Metal Halide Scintillators

Abstract

Conventional energy-integration black-white X-ray imaging lacks spectral information of X-ray photons. Although X-ray spectra (energy) can be distinguished by photon-counting technique typically with CdZnTe detectors, it is very challenging to be applied to large-area flat-panel X-ray imaging (FPXI). Herein, we design multi-layer stacked scintillators of different X-ray absorption capabilities and scintillation spectrums, in this scenario, the X-ray energy can be discriminated by detecting the emission spectra of each scintillator, therefore the multispectral X-ray imaging can be easily obtained by color or multispectral visible-light camera in one single shot of Xray. To verify this idea, stacked multilayer scintillators based on several emerging metal halides were fabricated in the cost-effective and scalable solution process, and proofof-concept multi-energy FPXI were experimentally demonstrated. The dual-energy Xray image of a "bone-muscle" model clearly showed the details that were invisible in conventional energy-integration FPXI. By stacking four layers of specifically designed multilayer scintillators with appropriate thicknesses, a prototype FPXI with four energy channels was realized, proving its extendibility to multispectral or even hyperspectral X-ray imaging. This study provides a facile and effective strategy to realize energyresolved flat-panel X-ray imaging.

Ultrasound‐Assisted Crystallization Enables Large‐Area Perovskite Quasi‐Monocrystalline Film for High‐Sensitive X‐ray Detection and Imaging

“…In the large area detecting systems for diagnostics and industrial inspection, the devices for X‐ray imaging need to be large in size, [ 11 ] typically over 10 cm × 10 cm. However, there is a great obstacle to synthesize a large‐scale perovskite single crystal due to the time‐consuming and complicated crystal growing problems.…”

A Melt‐Quenched Luminescent Glass of an Organic–Inorganic Manganese Halide as a Large‐Area Scintillator for Radiation Detection

“…[15] Particularly, on account of the excellent optics-related properties, HOIMH has brought itself to the research forefront of solid-state lighting, [16] display devices, [17] and scintillators. [18] Especially in the field of scintillators, a growing number of emerging materials have demonstrated superior performance than traditional inorganic scintillators, [19] while HOIMH shows unique advantages through the tunable nature of organic moiety to achieve distinctive features like circularly polarized radioluminescence. [20] The current research of HOIMH mainly focuses on crystalline materials, including polycrystalline film, nanocrystal, and single crystal, but rarely pays attention to their glassy counterparts.…”

In situ precipitation of Cs3Cu2I5 nanocrystals in inorganic glass with long-term water stability for X-ray imaging

“…In particular, the high spatial resolution, low detection limits and other results show that copper is promising for low cost, flexible and high-performance X-ray imaging applications. [14][15][16] Moreover, it is high light yield from Cs 3 Cu 2 I 5 that makes it more attractive than CsPbX 3 in scintillation imaging applications. 17 Although metal halides exhibit relatively good air stability, they are sensitive to moisture, which may be due to their ionic nature.…”