Multiple herbivory pressures lead to different carbon assimilation and allocation strategies: Evidence from a perennial grass in a typical steppe in northern China

Zhang, Zihe; Gong, Jirui; Shi, Jiayu; Li, Xiaobing; Song, Liangyuan; Zhang, Weiyuan; Liu, Ying; Zhang, Siqi; Dong, Jiaojiao; Liu, Yingying

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2021.107776

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Our results show that all chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, Fv′/Fm′, jPS II, ETR, and qP) of E. nutans were significantly increased by grazing rest. Zhang et al (2022) obtained similar results in that the regulation of chlorophyll fluorescence is constrained under grazing. In addition, Li et al (2018) found that Fv/Fm, jPSII, and qP are not significantly changed by grazing for 1 year.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Grazing rest during spring regreening period promotes the ecological restoration of degraded alpine meadow vegetation through enhanced plant photosynthesis and respiration

Liu

2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Grazing rest during the spring regreening period is the most economical and feasible measure for the ecological restoration of degraded alpine meadows and has been widely popularized and applied in China. The aim of the present study was to undertake a comparative analysis of the effects of grazing rest on the ecological restoration of degraded alpine meadows by plant photosynthesis and respiration. Coverage, height, ground biomass, belowground biomass of degraded alpine meadow vegetation, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, relative chlorophyll content, respiration rate, metabolite content, leaf relative water content, and related mineral element content of the dominant grass Elymus nutans Griseb. were measured in degraded alpine grassland with different grazing rest years. The results show that grazing rest during the spring regreening period promoted the ecological restoration of degraded alpine meadows by enhancing the photosynthesis and respiration of the dominant grass E. nutans Griseb. Grazing rest enhanced photosynthesis in dominant grass by increasing metabolites related to the Calvin cycle, chlorophyll content, leaf relative water content, and related mineral element content. Grazing at rest enhanced the respiration of dominant grass by increasing metabolites related to the TCA cycle, leaf relative water content, and related mineral element content. This positive effect gradually became stable with increasing years of grazing rest. Our results provide a fundamental basis for the popularization and application of grazing rest during the spring regreening period on degraded Tibetan Plateau grasslands.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Grazing rest during spring regreening period promotes the ecological restoration of degraded alpine meadow vegetation through enhanced plant photosynthesis and respiration

Liu

2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Above‐ground insect herbivores, which mainly damage the photosynthetic tissue of leaves, could modify root carbon resources that would be available to soil microbial populations (Bazot et al., 2005; Holland et al., 1996; Schwachtje & Baldwin, 2008; Zhang et al., 2022; Zhou et al., 2015). Hence, insect herbivores are often reported to modify C allocation to roots and mycorrhizal fungi (Charters et al., 2020; Frew, 2021; Gehring & Whitham, 2002; Wamberg et al., 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar herbivory modifies arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization likely through altering root flavonoids

Xing,

Ma,

et al. 2023

Functional Ecology

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Insect herbivory may influence arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal colonisation by changing plant chemistry, and these effects can vary from negative to positive. Yet the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We investigated AM fungal colonization of Chinese tallow tree (Triadica sebifera) after exposing its seedlings to four different foliar‐feeding insects at two levels of herbivory. We then examined the potential role of induced carbon allocation and secondary metabolites, particularly flavonoids, in AM fungal colonization. Light herbivory (ca. 10% leaf area removed) promoted early colonization by AM fungi whereas heavy herbivory (ca. 60% leaf area removed) decreased it. Root flavonoids were increased (in the short‐term) under light herbivory but decreased under heavy herbivory. Further, herbivore‐induced changes to root flavonoids were positively correlated with those of AM fungal colonisation. Moreover, quercitrin, one of the root‐secreted flavonoids, could mediate these AM fungal responses. Surprisingly, however, AM fungal colonization was not correlated with herbivore‐induced carbon allocation in roots or root exudates. We show that AM fungal responses to insect herbivory are at least partially flavonoid‐based and depend on herbivory intensity. Our work highlights the importance of secondary metabolites rather than carbon allocation in interactions between above‐ground herbivory and below‐ground mycorrhiza. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

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“…Although trade-offs at the organ level (i.e., between above- and belowground sinks) as well as within organs (i.e., between primary and secondary metabolites) under environmental stresses, such as drought, CO 2 elevation, and nutrient stress, have been extensively investigated in recent years ( Bot et al, 2009 ; Huang et al, 2017 , 2019 ; Wang et al, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ), considerably little is known about how plant growth stage and mycorrhizal symbiosis affect the trade-off patterns among C pools under nutrient stress. In this study, the increased C partitioning to SMs was at the expense of NSCs in the early growth stage but was at the cost of root growth in the late growth stage in P-deficient −M plants, as indicated by the negative correlations among these root components ( Figures 5 , 8 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, plants had to partition more root C to SMs even at the expense of growth to cope with intensified P limitation. Indeed, previous studies have demonstrated that resource limitation may not only force plants into trade-offs in C partitioning between structural growth, storage (NSC), and defense (SM), and that the degree of resource limitation determines the trade-off patterns ( Piper et al, 2015 ; Zhang et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Carbon Partitioning to Secondary Metabolites Under Phosphorus Deficiency in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Is Modulated by Plant Growth Stage and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis

et al. 2022

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Phosphorus (P) is one of the macronutrients limiting plant growth. Plants regulate carbon (C) allocation and partitioning to cope with P deficiency, while such strategy could potentially be influenced by plant growth stage and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. In a greenhouse pot experiment using licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) as the host plant, we investigated C allocation belowground and partitioning in roots of P-limited plants in comparison with P-sufficient plants under different mycorrhization status in two plant growth stages. The experimental results indicated that increased C allocation belowground by P limitation was observed only in non-AM plants in the early growth stage. Although root C partitioning to secondary metabolites (SMs) in the non-AM plants was increased by P limitation as expected, trade-off patterns were different between the two growth stages, with C partitioning to SMs at the expense of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) in the early growth stage but at the expense of root growth in the late growth stage. These changes, however, largely disappeared because of AM symbiosis, where more root C was partitioned to root growth and AM fungus without any changes in C allocation belowground and partitioning to SMs under P limitations. The results highlighted that besides assisting with plant P acquisition, AM symbiosis may alter plant C allocation and partitioning to improve plant tolerance to P deficiency.

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Multiple herbivory pressures lead to different carbon assimilation and allocation strategies: Evidence from a perennial grass in a typical steppe in northern China

Cited by 12 publications

References 64 publications

Grazing rest during spring regreening period promotes the ecological restoration of degraded alpine meadow vegetation through enhanced plant photosynthesis and respiration

Grazing rest during spring regreening period promotes the ecological restoration of degraded alpine meadow vegetation through enhanced plant photosynthesis and respiration

Foliar herbivory modifies arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization likely through altering root flavonoids

Increased Carbon Partitioning to Secondary Metabolites Under Phosphorus Deficiency in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Is Modulated by Plant Growth Stage and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis

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