Multifocal cytomegalovirus encephalitis in AIDS

Masdeu, Joseph C.; Small, Catherine B.; Weiss, Louis M.; Elkin, Charles M.; Llena, J. F.; Mesa-Tejada, Ricardo

doi:10.1002/ana.410230118

Cited by 47 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…17 Symptomatic treatment is an important adjunct to antiretroviral treatment. 37 Hypnotics and anxiolytics should be avoided because individuals with HIV dementia are extremely susceptible to the side effects of those psychoactive drugs. 38 Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and the central nervous system

Bensalem

Berger

2002

Compr Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and the central nervous system

Bensalem

Berger

2002

Compr Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…patients show neuropathological evidence of HCMV infection of the CNS which is characterized mainly by microglial nodules, inclusion-bearing neurons and glial cells, and necrotizing lesions. Viral antigen can be detected in several cell types such as neurons, glial cells, and endothelial cells [Morgello et al, 1987;Snider et al, 1983;Vinters et al, 1989;Wiley and Nelson, 19881. HCMV-associated neurological manifestations of AIDS patients include meningoencephalitis, diffuse multifocal encephalitis, ventriculoencephalitis, radiculomyelopathy, and peripheral neuropathy [Behar et al, 1987, Belec et al, 1990Drew, 1992;Edwards et al, 1985;Fuller et al, 1989;Masdeu et al, 1988;Kalavjan et al, 1993;Said et al, 1991;Wiley and Nelson, 19881. Early and reliable laboratory diagnosis of HCMV infections of the CNS is of considerable clinical importance, since replication of HCMV in the CNS can be arrested by appropriate antiviral treatment [Novak et al, 19891. To date, the most promising results have been obtained when using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect HCMV DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), although some AIDS patients may yield positive PCR results in the absence of neurological symptoms [Cinque et al, 1992;Clifford et al, 1993;Gozlan et al, 1992;Wolf and Spector, 19921.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation of human cytomegalovirus genomes in the brain of AIDS patients

Kühn¹,

Wendland²,

Eggers³

et al. 1995

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the major pathogens causing neurologic disease in the immunocompromised host. A competitive nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine DNA load, distribution, and sequence variability of HCMV genomes in the brain of AIDS patients with and without HCMV encephalitis confirmed by histology and immunocytochemistry. By quantitative PCR, HCMV genomes were found to be distributed diffusely in the central nervous system (CNS) of all five patients with histologically proven HCMV encephalitis, but also in the brain of five of eight AIDS patients without neuropathological evidence of HCMV encephalitis. The viral DNA load in cases with HCMV encephalitis was increased 10- to 1,000-fold as compared to patients without evidence of encephalitis. A viral load above 6,000 copies HCMV/10(6) copies beta-globin was found to be highly suggestive for HCMV encephalitis. Characterization of PCR products by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) and direct sequencing allowed us to detect a sequence variability of the amplified fragment of HCMV glycoprotein B (gB) among different patients, but also among different HCMV foci within the same patient. Furthermore, two of five AIDS patients with HCMV encephalitis most likely experienced double infections with different HCMV strains. The experimental procedure described in this study should also be applicable to the detection of significant HCMV DNA levels in biopsy samples.

show abstract

“…An increasing number of antiviral drugs has been developed in recent years (4). CMV encephalitic foci respond poorly to the standard drugs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid detection of cytomegalovirus structures in cerebrospinal fluid and brain biopsies by polymerase chain reaction

Rolfs

2009

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The joint application of stereotactic brain biopsy and DNA amplification methods, like the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are diagnostic purposes that allows in approximately 24 h to clarify the viral etiology of central nervous system infections. We demonstrate PCR results from the brain biopsy of an HIV‐1 patient with two cerebral lesions. Beside the neuropathological diagnosis of a B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma the experimental results are indicative of active transcription of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in cerebral tissue. The markedly higher amount of CMV‐specific RNA found in the biopsy specimens and CSF suggest the presence of an active infection with viral replication. CT‐guided stereotactic brain biopsies followed by PCR fulfill the demands of a clinician, namely to get the results as fast as possible to initiate adequate treatment

show abstract

Multifocal cytomegalovirus encephalitis in AIDS

Cited by 47 publications

References 9 publications

HIV and the central nervous system

HIV and the central nervous system

Quantitation of human cytomegalovirus genomes in the brain of AIDS patients

Rapid detection of cytomegalovirus structures in cerebrospinal fluid and brain biopsies by polymerase chain reaction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About