Multidrug-Resistant Phenotypes of Escherichia coli Isolates in Wild Canarian Egyptian Vultures (Neophron percnopterus majorensis)

Abstract

The presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli in cloacal samples from Canarian Egyptian vultures was investigated. Samples were obtained from chicks (n = 65) and from adults and immature birds (n = 38). Antimicrobial susceptibility to 16 antibiotics included in 12 different categories was determined for 103 E. coli isolates. MDR was defined as acquired non-susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories. Forty-seven different resistance phenotypes were detected: 31 MDR (41 isolates) and 16 non-MDR (62 isolates). One isolate was resistant to all 12 antimicrobial categories and 2 phenotypes included resistance to 9 antimicrobial categories. Imipenem resistance was included in five MDR phenotypes, corresponding to five different isolates. Statistically significant differences in prevalence of MDR-phenotypes were found between chicks in nests and the rest of the animals, probably due to the shorter exposure time of chicks to antimicrobials. The main risk derived from MDR bacteria in scavengers is that it threatens the treatment of wild animals in rescue centres and could be transferred to other animals in the facilities. In addition to this, it could pose a health risk to veterinarians or other staff involved in wildlife protection programmes.

High prevalence of blaCTX‐M‐15 type extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamases in Gambian hooded vultures (Necrosyrtes monachus): A threatened species with substantial human interaction

“…All of the E. coli isolates and the K. pneumoniae isolates from the selective screening for extended‐spectrum cephalosporin resistance ( n = 52 for E. coli , n = 4 for K. pneumoniae , where three samples contained both E. coli and K. pneumoniae ) were defined as multidrug‐resistant (MDR) having resistance against ≥1 agent in ≥3 different antimicrobial categories (Supporting Information: Table S1 at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645125 ) (Magiorakos et al, 2012 ). Thus at least 53% of the vultures carried MDR bacteria, which is higher than in a recent study with a comparable methodology that found 40% MDR E. coli in cloacal samples derived from Egyptian vultures in the Canary Islands (Suarez‐Perez et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, the prevalence of ESBL in this study (>50%) is higher than reported from vultures in the Canary Islands, where 22.7% ( n = 5/22) had ESBL phenotype (Carvalho et al, 2020 ).…”

High prevalence of blaCTX-M-15 type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Gambian hooded vultures (Necrosyrtes monachus) – a threatened species with substantial human interaction

“…All of the E. coli isolates and the K. pneumoniae isolates from the selective screening for extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance (n=52 for E. coli, n=4 for K. pneumoniae, where three samples contained both E. coli and K. pneumoniae) were defined as multidrug-resistant (MDR) having resistance against 1 agent in 3 different antimicrobial categories (Table S1 at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7645125) (Magiorakos et al, 2012). Thus at least 53% of the vultures carried MDR bacteria, which is higher than in a recent study with a comparable methodology that found 40% MDR E. coli in cloacal samples derived from Egyptian vultures in the Canary Islands (Suarez-Perez et al, 2021). Furthermore, the prevalence of ESBL in this study (>50%) is higher than reported from vultures in the Canary Islands, where 22.7% (n=5/22) had ESBL phenotype (Carvalho et al, 2020).…”

Characterization, genome analysis and in vitro activity of a novel phage vB_EcoA_RDN8.1 active against multi-drug resistant and extensively drug-resistant biofilm-forming uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates, India

“…MDR was defined as non‐susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobials categories of the following classes of antibiotics: third‐generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, beta‐lactamase inhibitor combination and polymyxins (Magiorakos et al, 2012). XDR was defined as non‐susceptibility to at least one agent in all but two or fewer above‐mentioned antimicrobial categories (Suarez‐Perez et al, 2021). The host strain and the library strains were identified as E .…”