Multidimensional Preventive Intervention on Eating Disorders and Obesity in the Life Cycle-How to Guarantee an Adequate Quality of Life

Abstract

EditorialAccording to World Health Organization estimates, overeating has now reached epidemic proportions globally: projections to 2015 provide 2.3 billion people overweight and more than 700 million obese people in the world. It is a chronic disease, which increases the risk for the health and even the survival, with serious impact on life expectancy, quality of life and public health spending.There is general consensus that it is not a single disorder but a heterogeneous group of conditions with multiple origins (genetic, behavioral and environmental) acting simultaneously determining excess weight [1].It's seemed useful to investigate, in addition to genetic, behavioral and environmental, some specific psychological characteristics that could be particularly useful in the definition of populations at risk.Cuzzocrea et al. [2] analyzed the correlation between personality characteristics, anxiety and dysfunctional eating behaviors. The results highlighted specific differences in these relations (eating behaviors and personality traits) comparing males and females. In fact, neuroticism is a personality trait that correlates with eating habits in both genders, while psychoticism has shown more significance correlation in male, instead impulsivity has shown more correlation in female [2].These results confirmed the opportunity to carry out research aimed to identify psychological variables involved in the development and maintenance of dysfunctional eating behavior [3]. The researchers underlined that, to prevent eating disorders, not only it is advisable to carry out a campaign based on proper nutrition, but also to investigate all aspects of the individual characteristics that may be predictive of these disorders, such as the relationship between parental psychological control and eating disorders [4].Many researches have been conducted study in order to identify those personality traits can predict eating disorders using clinical samples. Less research has been done on personality variables in nonclinical cases in order to verify those personality characteristics could be represent a factor of risk to generate specific eating disorders (for instance binge eating). Cuzzocrea et al. [5] demonstrated that adolescents with moderate binging presented higher scores in anxiety, psychoticism, neuroticism and impulsivity than adolescents without binge eating. They confirmed the correlation between personality characteristics and eating behaviours, but same differences between adolescents without and moderate binge eating were found. The relationship between individual characteristics and eating behaviour and quality of life is different into these groups of adolescents [5]. The results of these studies represent a new stimulus to investigate those individual traits that may be predictive of ED symptomatology and Obesity.The literature demonstrates a strong correlation between same eating behaviours. It is quite evident a co-presence of Bing Eating Disorder and obesity. In some cases, treatment on obesity and on Binge e...

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