Multicomponent Exercise Improves Hemodynamic Parameters and Mobility, but Not Maximal Walking Speed, Transfer Capacity, and Executive Function of Older Type II Diabetic Patients

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a 6-month multicomponent exercise program (MCEP) on functional, cognitive, and hemodynamic parameters of older Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Moreover, additional analyses were performed to evaluate if T2DM patients present impaired adaptability in response to physical exercise when compared to nondiabetic volunteers. A total of 72 T2DM patients and 72 age-matched healthy volunteers (CG) were recruited and submitted to functional, cognitive, and hemodynamic evaluations before and after six months of a MCEP. The program of exercise was performed twice a week at moderate intensity. Results indicate T2DM and nondiabetic patients present an increase in mobility (i.e., usual walking speed) after the MCEP. However, improvements in maximal walking speed, transfer capacity, and executive function were only observed in the CG. On the other hand, only T2DM group reveals a marked decline in blood pressure. In conclusion, data of the current study indicate that a 6-month MCEP improves mobility and reduce blood pressure in T2DM patients. However, maximal walking speed, transfer capacity, and executive function were only improved in CG, indicating that T2DM may present impaired adaptability in response to physical stimulus.

Multicomponent Exercise on Physical Function, Cognition and Hemodynamic Parameters of Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Quasi-Experimental Study

“…The data presented here are a secondary analysis of data collected as part of a larger quasi-experimental study that investigated the changes in physical performance, cognition, and hemodynamic parameters of community-dwelling older adults with different chronic conditions during a MCEP. The findings regarding hypertensive [12,26], osteoarthritis [27], and diabetic [28] participants were previously published by our group. In these investigations, we found improved physical function in older adults with hypertension, diabetes mellitus type II, and osteoarthritis who practiced our six-month MCEP.…”

Treinamento físico multicomponente aumenta a força, agilidade e equilíbrio dinâmico em mulheres de meia idade

“…The practice of exercises throughout life, on a regular and permanent basis, can contribute to a more active and healthy old age [31]. MCT has been identified in the literature as an efficient approach to improve functional capacity, mitigating the declines inherent to aging [8,10,14,15]. However, there is a gap in the literature of studies that evaluated the effects of MCT on the functional capacity of middle-aged women.…”

“…From then on, there is a gradual reduction in the strength levels, increasing mainly from the fifth decade onwards [5,6]. Many studies have been carried out to verify the effectiveness of the systematic and guided practice of physical exercises on the functional capacity of older women, but not of middle-aged women [7][8][9][10][11]. Entities like the American College of Sports Medicine, the American Heart Association, and the World Health Organization recommend that health-focused exercise programs should address aerobic exercise, strength, balance, and flexibility [12,13].…”

“…Although the literature shows that the declines in several functions are accentuated from the third decade onwards, most intervention studies with MCT are carried out with the aging people [7][8][9][10][11]. Selbac et al [16] point to the climacteric as the period in which the ovarian follicles are depleted, leading to estrogen deficiency, causing biological changes that reflect in all dimensions of women's lives.…”

Executive Function and Diabetes: A Clinical Neuropsychology Perspective

“…However, studies have not been fully concordant. For example, in one study involving a 6-month multicomponent exercise program, exercise was performed twice a week by patients with T2DM and healthy volunteers; improvements in EF were only observed in the latter group ( Coelho Junior et al, 2018 ). Nonetheless, current research has supported prescribing of exercise by physicians for patients with diabetes, as well as encouraging patients to exercise regularly to help achieve satisfactory diabetes management.…”