Multichanneled hierarchical porous nanocomposite CuO/carbonized butterfly wing and its excellent catalytic performance for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

Abstract

To meet the requirement of generating more apparent specific heat release at lower temperatures for ammonium perchlorate (AP)-based composite solid propellants, the development of high-performance catalysts for improving the thermal decomposition properties of AP still remains essential and challenging. Herein, a novel catalyst, multichanneled hierarchical porous nanocomposite of CuO and carbonized butterfly wing (CuO/CBW), has been prepared through an in-situ reaction on original butterfly wing scales. Owing to the high active surface area and the good electrical and thermal conductivity, as well as the synergistic effect of CuO nanoparticles (20-25 nm) and CBW, CuO/CBW nanocomposite exhibits excellent catalytic activity for AP thermal decomposition in reducing the high-temperature decomposition temperature by 88.3 C, lowering the apparent activation energy from 190.0 to 103.1 kJ mol −1 and increasing the heat release from 255 to 1841 J g −1 .

Catalytic Effect of Green CuO Nanoparticles on the Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Ammonium Perchlorate

“…In another work, multichanneled hierarchical porous nanocomposite of CuO and carbonized butterfly wing (CuO/CBW) exhibited excellent catalytic activity on thermal decomposition of AP by reducing the thermal decomposition temperature from 429.1 °C to 340.8 °C, and increasing the released energy by 1586 J · g –1 . [ 30 ]…”

Understanding the synergistically enhanced thermocatalytic decomposition of ammonium perchlorate using cobalt nanoparticle-embedded nitrogen-doped graphitized carbon

“…To solve these problems, stabilizing the nanoparticles on support materials as an effective strategy is usually adopted. 20 Considering that the heat release of AP can also significantly influence the combustion behavior of CSPs, carbon materials, for instance, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and amorphous carbon, which can not only increase the heat release rate due to its exothermic reaction with oxidizing gas produced by thermal decomposition of AP, but can also reduce the HTD temperature, [21][22][23][24] were often selected as the ideal supports to construct nanocomposites 12,[25][26][27][28][29] However, these nanocomposites are usually fabricated through a bottom-up method, in which nanoparticles are first prepared and then loaded on.…”

“…To solve these problems, stabilizing the nanoparticles on support materials as an effective strategy is usually adopted. 20 Considering that the heat release of AP can also significantly influence the combustion behavior of CSPs, carbon materials, for instance, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and amorphous carbon, which can not only increase the heat release rate due to its exothermic reaction with oxidizing gas produced by thermal decomposition of AP, but can also reduce the HTD temperature, 21–24 were often selected as the ideal supports to construct nanocomposites 12,25–29 However, these nanocomposites are usually fabricated through a bottom-up method, in which nanoparticles are first prepared and then loaded on. The bottom-up method is aimed at the realization of efficient dispersion and loading of nanoparticles, but due to the aggregation caused by the higher surface free energy of the smaller-sized nanoparticles, the low surface area of the support, and the lack of strong interactions between nanoparticles and substrates, it cannot be achieved.…”

Effect of copper ferrite (CuFe2O4) in the thermal decomposition of modified nitrotriazolone

“…NTO is widely used in propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics because of its advantages of great performance due to the release of a huge amount of energy/ force. [16][17][18] Among many modification methods, [19][20][21] the solventantisolvent method is widely applied to produce nanoparticles with improved performance based on their physicochemical characteristics. 22 Recently, there has been a great deal of research in the field of chemical propulsion systems in which energetic materials play an important role because they possess propellant, explosive, and pyrotechnic characteristics.…”

“…NTO is widely used in propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics because of its advantages of great performance due to the release of a huge amount of energy/force. 16–18 Among many modification methods, 19–21 the solvent–antisolvent method is widely applied to produce nanoparticles with improved performance based on their physicochemical characteristics. 22…”