Multi-phase partitioning and co-solvent effects for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) in authentic petroleum- and creosote-contaminated soils

Zemanek, Michael G.; Pollard, Simon J. T.; Kenefick, S. L.; Hrudey, Steve E.

doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(97)00126-7

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…There is prior art here. Zemanek et al (1997) 115 showed that between 71-96wt% of PAH in weathered diesel-contaminated loam soils was partitioned to residual oil (at 2-6wt% of the total soil composition) in petroleum and weathered creosote-contaminated soils, with 84wt% of benzo[a]pyrene partitioned to the residual oil phase. Woolgar and Jones (1999) 112 estimated oil-water partition coefficients (termed log K mw ) for a series of PAH to be between 4.5 and 6.5, dependent on the source term.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weathered Hydrocarbon Wastes: A Risk Management Primer

Brassington

Hough

Paton

et al. 2007

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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We provide a primer and critical review of the characterization, risk assessment, and bioremediation of weathered hydrocarbons. Historically the remediation of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons has been expressed in terms of reductions in total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) load rather than reductions in risk. 199 Downloaded by [Uppsala universitetsbibliotek] at 09:55 04 October 2014 200 K. J. Brassington et al. There are several techniques by which petroleum hydrocarbons in soils can be characterized. Method development is often driven by the objectives of published risk assessment frameworks. Some frameworks stipulate analysis of a wide range of petroleum hydrocarbons; for example, the United Kingdom (UK) approach suggests compounds from EC 5 to EC 70 be examined. Methods for the extraction of petroleum hydrocarbons from soil samples have been reviewed extensively in the open literature. Although various extraction and analytical methods are available for petroleum hydrocarbons, their results suffer from inter-method variation, with gas chromatography methods being used widely. Currently, the implications for risk assessment are uncertain. Bioremediation works well for remediating soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. As a result, the optimization of environmental conditions is imperative. For petroleum hydrocarbons in soil, international regulatory guidance on the management of risks from contaminated sites is now emerging.There is also growing support for the move toward compound-specific risk-based approaches for the assessment of hydrocarbon-contaminated land.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weathered Hydrocarbon Wastes: A Risk Management Primer

Brassington

Hough

Paton

et al. 2007

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

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“…Zemanek et al [19] studied the partitioning of PAHs in the presence of a hydrophobic oil/water/soil system. The direction of partitioning of PAHs from aqueous phase to oil phase was more pronounced for low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs than high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs.…”

Section: Physical Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of vegetable oils in the treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated soils

Yap

Gan

2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Alternatively, the treatment scheme of multiple additions of creosote simulated a situation in which PAHs are leached from a point source such as contaminated sediments, leading to a chronic exposure [31]. In both treatment regimes, PAH concentrations in the water were diminished shortly after treatment was complete, presumably by partitioning to the sediment, pool liners, and biotic components of the microcosm and by volatilization to the air phase for the lower-molecular-weight PAHs [40] and biodegradation by bacteria [28,41]. However, in the microcosms treated using multiple additions of creosote, aqueous PAHs remained at higher concentrations over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creosote Toxicity to Photosynthesis and Plant Growth in Aquatic Microcosms

Marwood

Bestari

Gensemer³

et al. 2003

Environ Toxicol Chem

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To assess photosynthesis as a bioindicator of toxicity from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the response of chlorophyll-a fluorescence to creosote exposure was compared with effects on population-level plant growth. Large, outdoor, freshwater microcosms containing Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) received either a single application or multiple applications of liquid creosote at nominal concentrations from 0.109 to 32.7 mg L(-1). For several weeks following treatment, photosynthetic electron transport was measured using pulse amplitude-modulated chlorophyll-a fluorescence. The maximum efficiency of photosystem II electron transport (Fv/Fm) and the quantum yield of photochemistry (deltaF/F'm) were diminished in plants shortly after the addition of creosote. In microcosms that received a single treatment of creosote only, the 50% effective concentrations (EC50s), expressed as the aqueous concentration of 15 of the most abundant PAHs, were 0.28 mg L(-1) for Fv/Fm and 0.30 mg L(-1) for deltaF/F'm. Chlorophyll-a fluorescence was diminished to a greater extent in microcosms that received multiple treatments of creosote, with EC50s of 0.13 mg L(-1) for Fv/Fm and 0.10 mg L(-1) for deltaF/F'm. Plant biomass accumulation was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner in all microcosms treated with creosote, but this inhibition occurred to a greater degree in microcosms treated with multiple creosote applications. The response of chlorophyll-a fluorescence, measured only 8 d after creosote treatment, was similar to plant growth over the entire growing season, indicating that this technique can be used to estimate potential effects of contaminants before detrimental impacts on populations.

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Multi-phase partitioning and co-solvent effects for polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) in authentic petroleum- and creosote-contaminated soils

Cited by 38 publications

References 20 publications

Weathered Hydrocarbon Wastes: A Risk Management Primer

Weathered Hydrocarbon Wastes: A Risk Management Primer

Application of vegetable oils in the treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated soils

Creosote Toxicity to Photosynthesis and Plant Growth in Aquatic Microcosms

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