Weathered Hydrocarbon Wastes: A Risk Management Primer

Brassington, Kirsty J.; Hough, Rupert; Paton, Graeme I.; Semple, Kirk T.; Risdon, Graeme C.; Crossley, Jane; Hay, Iain D.; Askari, Kaveh Ostad Ali; Pollard, Simon J. T.

doi:10.1080/10643380600819625

Cited by 88 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Total contents of hydrocarbons reached 130 µg L -1 and 100 µg L -1 in UTR and TR, respectively and did not correlate with soil contents, where a difference of one order of magnitude was detected between samples. Such difference was explained by the fact that UTR presented a markedly higher concentration of heavier petroleum hydrocarbons (C16-C21 and C21-C35), which are less soluble in water than lighter ones (Brassington et al 2007). On the other hand, the concentration of light petroleum hydrocarbons was very similar between sites (Table 1).…”

Section: Physicochemical Analyses Of Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioassays with terrestrial and aquatic species as monitoring tools of hydrocarbon degradation

Bori¹,

Vallès²,

Ortega³

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In this study chemical analyses and ecotoxicity tests were applied for the assessment of a heavily hydrocarbon-contaminated soil prior and after the application of a remediation procedure that consisted in the stimulation of soil autochthonous populations of hydrocarbon degraders in staticventilated biopiles. Terrestrial bioassays were applied in mixtures of test soils and artificial control soil and studied the survival and reproduction of Eisenia fetida and the avoidance response of E. fetida and Folsomia candida. Effects on aquatic organisms were studied by means of acute tests with Vibrio fischeri, Raphidocelis subcapitata and Daphnia magna performed on aqueous elutriates from test soils. The bioremediation procedure led to a significant reduction in the concentration of hydrocarbons (from 34264 mg kg -1 to 3074 mg kg -1 i.e. 91% decrease) and toxicity although bioassays were not able to report a percentage decrease of toxicity as high as the percentage reduction. Sublethal tests proved the most sensitive terrestrial bioassays and avoidance tests with earthworms and springtails showed potential as monitoring tools of hydrocarbon remediation due to their high sensitivity and short duration. The concentrations of hydrocarbons in water extracts from test soils were 130 µg L -1 and 100 µg L -1 before and after remediation, respectively. Similarly to terrestrial tests, most aquatic bioassays detected a significant reduction in toxicity, which was almost negligible at the end of the treatment. D. magna survival was the most affected by soil elutriates although toxicity to the crustacean was associated to the salinity of the samples rather than to the concentration of hydrocarbons. Ecotoxicity tests with aqueous soil elutriates proved less relevant in the assessment of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils due to the low hydrosolubility of hydrocarbons and the influence of the physicochemical parameters of the aquatic medium.

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Section: Physicochemical Analyses Of Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioassays with terrestrial and aquatic species as monitoring tools of hydrocarbon degradation

Bori¹,

Vallès²,

Ortega³

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Highly condensed aromatic and cycloparaffinic structures, tars, bitumen and asphaltic materials, have the highest boiling points and exhibit the greatest resistance to biodegradation. It has been suggested that the residual material from oil degradation is analogous to, and can even be regarded as, humic material (Balba et al, 1998;Loeher et al, 2001;Ivančev-Tumbas et al, 2004;Brassington et al, 2007;Stroud et al, 2007).…”

Section: Contaminant Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is controlled by a number of physical-chemical processes such as sorption/desorption, diffusion, and dissolution. (Brassington et al, 2007;Cuypers et al, 2002;Maletić et al, 2011;Semple et al, 2003). The mass transfer of a contaminant determines microbial bioavailability.…”

Section: Bioavailabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum Hydrocarbon Biodegradability in Soil – Implications for Bioremediation

Maletić¹,

Dalmacija²,

Rončević³

2013

Hydrocarbon

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“…Man-made activities resulting to soil and marine contamination is a worldwide environmental concern. Reports on contamination incidents published in 2007 in the UK shows that hydrocarbon related contamination made-up about 12% of the serious contamination incidents [1,2]. Alkanes make up a substantial portion of petroleum hydrocarbons and are significant contaminant of oil spills.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Biodegradation of n-alkanes and Readily Biodegradable Substrates Using Open Mixed Culture under Aerobic, Anoxic and Anaerobic Conditions

Uzukwu¹,

Dionisi²

2017

IJEBB

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This study has investigated the biodegradation of n-alkanes using open mixed cultures in batch tests.Biodegradation of n-C12, C14, C16, C18, C20 was investigated using a respirometric method and compared with the biodegradation of the readily biodegradable substrates glucose, acetic acid and ethanol. Experiments were performed in small-scale bioreactors under various conditions, i.e. aerobic, anoxic with nitrate and completely anaerobic conditions, using two different sources of open mixed microbial cultures. Under aerobic conditions all the readily biodegradable substrates and hydrocarbons were removed, although the acclimation time was longer for the hydrocarbons (3-5 days) than for the readily biodegradable substrates (1-2 days). No significant effect on the hydrocarbon concentration on biodegradation was observed in the concentration range 0.5-5 g/l. Under anoxic conditions, both the readily biodegradable substrates and the hydrocarbons were removed using nitrate as electron acceptor. However, the acclimation time for the hydrocarbons under anoxic conditions (20-25 days) was much longer than under aerobic conditions. Under both aerobic and anoxic conditions, once acclimation with the hydrocarbons was completed, the microorganisms were immediately able to remove a second spike of the substrate without acclimation. Under anaerobic conditions, no activity was observed with the hydrocarbons over a period of 150 days, while the mixed culture was able to remove glucose and convert it to volatile fatty acids. Under aerobic conditions, the dissolved oxygen consumption data was mathematically modelled using Monod kinetics to obtain biokinetic parameters. Good fittings between the model and the experimental data was obtained and the biodegradation of hydrocarbons was characterised by higher values of the parameter K S compared to the readily biodegradable substrates. The results of this study showed that the open mixed microbial cultures contained diverse microorganisms capable of utilizing both liquid and solid n-alkanes under aerobic and anoxic conditions.

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Weathered Hydrocarbon Wastes: A Risk Management Primer

Cited by 88 publications

References 49 publications

Bioassays with terrestrial and aquatic species as monitoring tools of hydrocarbon degradation

Bioassays with terrestrial and aquatic species as monitoring tools of hydrocarbon degradation

Petroleum Hydrocarbon Biodegradability in Soil – Implications for Bioremediation

Comparison of the Biodegradation of n-alkanes and Readily Biodegradable Substrates Using Open Mixed Culture under Aerobic, Anoxic and Anaerobic Conditions

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