Multi-fiber strains measured by micro-Raman spectroscopy: Principles and experiments

Lei, Zhenkun; Wang, Yunfeng; Qin, Fuyong; Qiu, Wei; Bai, Ruixiang; Chen, Xiaogang

doi:10.1016/j.optlaseng.2015.07.005

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…An understanding and ability to predict the CTE in composites is an important design criterion for producing dimensionally stable structures, especially if they are assemblages of many different types of materials [3]. Recently, many novel experimental methods have been developed to measure the CTE of polymeric materials, such as electronic speckle pattern interferometry [4], digital image correlation method [5], fiber bragg grafting sensor [6], infrared thermography [7], atomic force microscopy [8] and Raman spectroscopy [9], etc. Although they each have advantages in the measurement of CTE, all of them need sophisticated equipments, longer measuring time and more number of repeated trials and will also lead to larger error variations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mesoscale study of thermal expansion behaviors of epoxy resin and carbon fiber/epoxy unidirectional composites based on periodic temperature and displacement boundary conditions

et al. 2016

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The thermal expansion behaviors of neat epoxy resin and carbon fiber/epoxy unidirectional (UD) composites were experimentally and numerically studied in this paper. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal conductivity measurement were used to measure the thermo-mechanical properties of epoxy resin at different temperatures. The dilatometer was used to measure the thermal strains and linear CTEs of neat epoxy resin and UD composites. In addition, a mesoscale finite element model based on the periodic temperature and displacement boundary conditions was presented to analyze the thermal expansion behaviors of UD composites. The resin-voids representative volume element (RVE) was used to calculate the thermo-mechanical properties of several kinds of resin-voids mixed matrix. From the results it can be found that the glass transition temperature of epoxy resin, porosity and fiber orientation angle have significant effects on the thermal expansion behaviors of UD composites. The mesoscale finite element analyses (FEA) have obvious advantages than various existing analysis models by comparing their predictive results. The distributions of thermal displacement, thermal stress and thermal strain were extracted between the carbon fiber, resin-voids mixed matrix and their interface, and also between the front and back surfaces of the loading direction, to further investigate thermal expansion structure effects of UD composites. This paper revealed that the mesoscale FEA based on periodic temperature and displacement boundary conditions can be also used for thermal expansion researches of other complex structure composites.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mesoscale study of thermal expansion behaviors of epoxy resin and carbon fiber/epoxy unidirectional composites based on periodic temperature and displacement boundary conditions

et al. 2016

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“…To improve the ballistic resistance, a wide range of experimental and simulation works across various disciplinary sections have been done in literature. These works could be subcategorized into the studies of material impact failure mechanisms [9,10], fibre surface frictional treatments [11,12] fibre architecture parametric analysis [13], draping (forming) [14] and ply-ply sliding [15] in preforming, hybrid materials [16], resin enhancement [17] and manufacturing method optimization [18,19]. These materialrelated engineering results were validated by the investigation on the interaction between helmet shell and human brain [20], where the blunt traumatic injuries and bone fracture [21] was simulated based on different types of head forms [22], or tested by the way of energy absorption [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Manufacture of Military Composite Helmet

2021

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Despite of the fact that more and more accessory devices are integrated to functionalize a ballistic helmet system, its core ballistic protective function needs to be improved with weight reduction was and still is the main course in engineering design. The two major generic classes of synthetic fibres for ballistic composites are Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibre (0.97 g/cm3) and aramid fibre (1.44 g/cm3). In the area of military helmets, these fibres are constructed into different topologies, draping/forming into double-curvature geometric shape in multiple plies, serving as reinforcement for composite shell. The preforming ways influence the subsequent impregnation / solidification and curing step in manufacture, in terms of the fibre orientation and fibre volume fraction. The inherent structural heterogeneity thus leads to scatter in permeability and composite thickness, and have further impact in generating process-induced defects. During the processing, the fibre continuity without wrinkles, together with voids-free are determinative factors to a quality final part. The aim of this paper is to review the manufacturing technologies characterised by thermo-mechanical forming and Liquid Composite Moulding (LCM), relating their processing parameters respectively to the properties of reinforcements in one dimension (1D), two dimensions (2D) and three dimensions (3D), along with that of the matrix in dry or wet phase, interdependency of them are sought.

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“…Zhang et al discussed the effect of ZnO nanowires on the interfacial micromechanical behavior of carbon fiber/epoxy microdroplets by using MRS. Furthermore, MRS has been applied for estimating the interfacial integrity of the multifiber polymer composites, attesting its broad applicability for analysis of materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromechanics analysis of carbon fiber/epoxy microdroplet composite under UV light irradiation by micro‐Raman spectroscopy

Tan

et al. 2020

Polymer Composites

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Evaluation of the surface morphology, chemical groups, interfacial microstructure, and mechanical properties of carbon fiber/epoxy resin microdroplet composites during ultraviolet photodegradation was carried out. The axial stress distribution and interfacial shear stress (ISS) distribution of the carbon fiber/microdroplet composite at 0.25% and 0.62% strains with different UV irradiation times were obtained using micro‐Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that after 40 hours of UV irradiation, tiny particles appeared on the surface of the carbon fiber/microdroplet sample, and with prolonged irradiation, the tiny particles grew larger and more in number. Benzyl methyl ketone was observed after 40 hours of UV irradiation, and the formation of the quinone methide structure, which causes the discoloration of composite, appeared after 300 hours of UV irradiation, and the tiny particles formed on the composite might be benzyl methyl ketone. The maximum axial stress reduced to 53% and 37%, and maximum shear stress reduced to 67% and 66%, for the 0.25% and 0.62% strain samples, respectively, when the UV irradiation time was extended to 940 hours. A power‐law function of ISS with irradiation times was proposed and is represented by τ0.25 = 66.78 ‑ 8.296 × 10–6 t2.26 and τ0.62 = 81.24 ‑ 2.20 × 10–6 t2.49. It was further determined that the loss of mechanical properties was slow during the first 300 hours of UV irradiation. This work provides a new approach for studying the influence of UV irradiation on the interfacial properties of fiber/polymer composite.

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Multi-fiber strains measured by micro-Raman spectroscopy: Principles and experiments

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

A mesoscale study of thermal expansion behaviors of epoxy resin and carbon fiber/epoxy unidirectional composites based on periodic temperature and displacement boundary conditions

A mesoscale study of thermal expansion behaviors of epoxy resin and carbon fiber/epoxy unidirectional composites based on periodic temperature and displacement boundary conditions

Review on Manufacture of Military Composite Helmet

Micromechanics analysis of carbon fiber/epoxy microdroplet composite under UV light irradiation by micro‐Raman spectroscopy

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