NO removal from exhausted gas is necessary owing to its damage to environment. Meanwhile, the electrochemical ammonia synthesis (EAS) from N2 suffers from low reaction rate and Faradaic efficiency (FE). Now, an alternative route for ammonia synthesis is proposed from exhaust NO via electrocatalysis. DFT calculations indicate electrochemical NO reduction (NORR) is more active than N2 reduction (NRR). Via a descriptor‐based approach, Cu was screened out to be the most active transition metal catalyst for NORR to NH3 owing to its moderate reactivity. Kinetic barrier calculations reveal NH3 is the most preferred product relative to H2, N2O, and N2 on Cu. Experimentally, a record‐high EAS rate of 517.1 μmol cm−2 h−1 and FE of 93.5 % were achieved at −0.9 V vs. RHE using a Cu foam electrode, exhibiting stable electrocatalytic performances with a 100 h run. This work provides an alternative strategy to EAS from exhaust NO, coupled with NO removal.

Because of their relatively high efficiency, high photostability, abundance, low cost, and nontoxic qualities, titania-based photocatalysts are still the most extensively studied materials for the photocatalytic production of hydrogen from water. The effects of the chemical and physical properties of titania, including crystal phase, crystallinity, particle size, and surface area, on its photoactivity towards hydrogen generation have been identified by various investigations. The high overpotential for hydrogen generation, rapid recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes, rapid reverse reaction of molecular hydrogen and oxygen, and inability to absorb visible light are considered the most important factors that restrict the photoactivity of titania, and strategies to overcome these barriers have been developed. These issues and strategies are carefully reviewed and summarized in this Minireview. We aim to provide a critical, up-to-date overview of the development of titania-based photocatalysts for hydrogen production, as well as a comprehensive background source and guide for future research.

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The electronic structure and optical properties of Ag3PO4 were studied by hybrid density functional theory. The results indicated that the band gap is 2.43 eV, which agrees well with the experimental value of 2.45 eV. The conduction bands of Ag3PO4 are mainly attributable to Ag 5s and 5p states, while the valence bands are dominated by O 2p and Ag 4d states. The highest valence band edge potential was 2.67 V (vs. normal hydrogen electrode), which has enough driving force for photocatalytic water oxidation and pollutants degradation. The optical absorption spectrum showed that Ag3PO4 is a visible light response photocatalyst.

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