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Este estudo teve como objetivo mapear a susceptibilidade a movimentos de massa na bacia hidrográfica do rio Caratinga. A metodologia adotada para a realização do estudo se baseou em uma análise multicritério, em ambiente de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG), de cinco fatores condicionantes para a ocorrência de movimentos de massa, sendo eles: declividade do terreno, uso e ocupação do solo, tipo de solo, intensidade de precipitação e escoamento superficial. Todos os procedimentos de geoprocessamento foram realizados no QGIS 2.14.9. A declividade foi obtida por meio dos modelos de declividade do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE). As imagens utilizadas para a classificação da cobertura do solo foram do satélite Landsat-8 OLI e classificadas no QGIS. A precipitação foi determinada por meio de interpolação pelo método Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW). A metodologia para modelagem do escoamento superficial foi a do Curve Number. Foram gerados mapas de susceptibilidade para cada critério separadamente e, posteriormente, aplicado o processo analítico hierárquico para determinar o resultado final. Do total analisado cerca de 33,1% apresentaram susceptibilidade Alta ou Muito Alta, com mais de 50% possuindo risco Moderado. O estudo demonstrou a funcionalidade da metodologia utilizada para o mapeamento de áreas de risco. Destaca-se a possibilidade da utilização deste procedimento em órgãos públicos, visando mitigar os impactos negativos causados pelos movimentos de massa, no ambiente rural e urbano. Palavras-chave: Geoprocessamento. Mapeamento. Movimentos de Massa. Multicritério. The use of geographic information system to identify the susceptibility capacity to mass movements in the Caratinga River casin, Minas Gerais Abstract This study aimed to map the susceptibility to mass movements in the Caratinga river basin. The adopted methodology was based on a multicriteria analysis, in GIS environment, of five conditioning factors for the occurrence of mass movements, being them: land slope, use and occupation of the land, soil type, precipitation intensity and surface runoff. All geoprocessing procedures were performed in QGIS 2.41.9. The slope was obtained through INPE slope models. The images used to classify the land covering were from the Landsat-8 OLI satellite and classified in the QGIS. Precipitation was determined through interpolation, using the IDW method. The methodology for surface flow modeling was that of the Curve Number. Susceptibility maps were generated separately for each criteria and, subsequently, the hierarchical analytical process was applied to determine the final result. From the analyzed total, about 33.1% showed high or very high susceptibility, with more than 50% having moderate risk. The study demonstrated the functionality of the used methodology for the risk areas mapping. We highlight the possibility of using this procedure in public agencies, in order to mitigate the negative impacts caused by mass movements, in the rural and urban environments. Keywords: Geoprocessing. Mapping. Mass Movements. Multicriteria.
Este estudo teve como objetivo mapear a susceptibilidade a movimentos de massa na bacia hidrográfica do rio Caratinga. A metodologia adotada para a realização do estudo se baseou em uma análise multicritério, em ambiente de Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG), de cinco fatores condicionantes para a ocorrência de movimentos de massa, sendo eles: declividade do terreno, uso e ocupação do solo, tipo de solo, intensidade de precipitação e escoamento superficial. Todos os procedimentos de geoprocessamento foram realizados no QGIS 2.14.9. A declividade foi obtida por meio dos modelos de declividade do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE). As imagens utilizadas para a classificação da cobertura do solo foram do satélite Landsat-8 OLI e classificadas no QGIS. A precipitação foi determinada por meio de interpolação pelo método Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW). A metodologia para modelagem do escoamento superficial foi a do Curve Number. Foram gerados mapas de susceptibilidade para cada critério separadamente e, posteriormente, aplicado o processo analítico hierárquico para determinar o resultado final. Do total analisado cerca de 33,1% apresentaram susceptibilidade Alta ou Muito Alta, com mais de 50% possuindo risco Moderado. O estudo demonstrou a funcionalidade da metodologia utilizada para o mapeamento de áreas de risco. Destaca-se a possibilidade da utilização deste procedimento em órgãos públicos, visando mitigar os impactos negativos causados pelos movimentos de massa, no ambiente rural e urbano. Palavras-chave: Geoprocessamento. Mapeamento. Movimentos de Massa. Multicritério. The use of geographic information system to identify the susceptibility capacity to mass movements in the Caratinga River casin, Minas Gerais Abstract This study aimed to map the susceptibility to mass movements in the Caratinga river basin. The adopted methodology was based on a multicriteria analysis, in GIS environment, of five conditioning factors for the occurrence of mass movements, being them: land slope, use and occupation of the land, soil type, precipitation intensity and surface runoff. All geoprocessing procedures were performed in QGIS 2.41.9. The slope was obtained through INPE slope models. The images used to classify the land covering were from the Landsat-8 OLI satellite and classified in the QGIS. Precipitation was determined through interpolation, using the IDW method. The methodology for surface flow modeling was that of the Curve Number. Susceptibility maps were generated separately for each criteria and, subsequently, the hierarchical analytical process was applied to determine the final result. From the analyzed total, about 33.1% showed high or very high susceptibility, with more than 50% having moderate risk. The study demonstrated the functionality of the used methodology for the risk areas mapping. We highlight the possibility of using this procedure in public agencies, in order to mitigate the negative impacts caused by mass movements, in the rural and urban environments. Keywords: Geoprocessing. Mapping. Mass Movements. Multicriteria.
The sulphurous mineral waters of ‘Entre-os-Rios’, which is sited in NW Portugal, are famous for their long history as thermal baths dating back at least to the mid-sixteenth century. Because of the singularity of its water composition, especially the highest sulphur content, the mineral waters of ‘Entre-os-Rios’ are one of the most important sulphurous waters in Portugal. Despite these mineral waters having a protection perimeter buffer zone to avoid water contamination, there are potentially damaging installations (e.g., fuel station) in the closed protection buffer zone that, according to existing law, are not permitted within the protection perimeters, which defeats the purpose of their delineation. A vulnerability map was created using geographic information system (GIS) tools based on multi-criteria analysis, combining thematic maps and parameters of the DRASTIC index, for evaluating the risk of contamination in the protection area. The results showed that within the perimeter, there was a low risk of pollution. The alluvium-covered terrain was vulnerable to moderate contamination, but it was far from the catchment point. Areas of minimal risk corresponded to locations where the granitic massif had not been significantly weathered. The map enables information collection for a better definition of local resource structures and planning, namely, for restricted areas emplacement where some activities should not be allowed (e.g., agriculture and water prospection), given its influence on the confined granitic aquifer.
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