Mucocutaneous Manifestations in Autoimmune Gastritis: A Prospective Case-Control Study

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is associated with nutritional deficiencies, autoimmune diseases, and gastric malignancies. The aims of the study were to test the hypothesis that mucocutaneous (MC) manifestations occur more often in patients with vs without AIG and to delineate patterns of MC manifestations in AIG. Methods: A single-center, prospective 2:1 case-control study was conducted. Cases were patients with the diagnosis of AIG based on consistent serologic and histologic findings. Controls had a normal gastric biopsy. MC manifestations were independently evaluated by 3 experienced dermatologists. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, Helicobacter pylori, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption to estimate the association between AIG (vs no AIG) and MC manifestations (adjusted odds ratio; 95% confidence interval). RESULTS: We prospectively enrolled 60 cases and 30 controls (mean age 53.5 ± 15.8 vs 53.4 ± 14.5 years; 75% vs 73.3% women). The pooled prevalence of MC immune-mediated diseases was higher in patients with vs without AIG (66.7% vs 23.3%; adjusted odds ratio 12.01 [95% confidence interval: 3.51–41.13]). In patients with AIG, seropositive vs seronegative anti-intrinsic factor antibodies more often had concomitant immunological diseases with MC manifestations (100% vs 58.5%; P = 0.016). The most common MC immune-mediated diseases in AIG were Sjögren syndrome (n = 5, 8.3%), alopecia areata (n = 5, 8.3%), and vitiligo (n = 4, 6.7%). Nutritional deficiency-related MC findings, mainly xerosis, lingual, and nail disorders, were also more common in AIG. DISCUSSION: This is the first comparative study specifically designed to evaluate MC manifestations in AIG. We demonstrated that AIG is more frequently associated with both immune- and nutritional deficiency-related MC manifestations, which might have both diagnostic and therapeutic clinical implications.

Coexistence of Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome and Autoimmune Gastritis With Pernicious Anemia and Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord: Case Report and Literature Review

“…Recently, Gonzalez et al. reported that the most common mucocutaneous immune-mediated disease in AIG was pSS in Chile ( 27 ). Because pSS has characteristics of both types of organ-specific and generalized autoimmune diseases, it occupies a central position among the other autoimmune diseases ( 28 ).…”

Exploring the Association of Helicobacter pylori With Anti-intrinsic Factor and Anti-parietal Cell Antibodies in Pernicious Anemia: A Systematic Review

“…Gastritis: A Prospective Case-Control Study [13] Those with AIG were more likely to have concurrent immunological diseases exhibiting mucocutaneous manifestations compared to seronegative individuals (100% vs. 58.5%; P = 0.016).…”

Early diagnosis of autoimmune gastritis

“…Как уже сообщалось ранее, АИГ может наблюдаться у лиц с другими аутоиммунными заболеваниями, такими как: аутоиммунный тиреоидит, сахарный диабет 1 типа, витилиго, целиакия, болезнь Аддисона, воспалительные заболевания кишечника, системная красная волчанка, миастения, периоральные кожные аутоиммунные заболевания [33,34]. Самым частым сочетанием является хронический аутоиммунный гастрит и тиреоидит Хашимото (40%), болезнь Аддисона и АИГ встречается примерно у 30%, около 20% пациентов с сахарным диабетом 1 типа имеют повышенные АПК [34,35].…”