Morphometric Analysis Related to the Transcondylar Approach in Dry Skulls and Computed Tomography

Pereira, Gabriela Magalhães; Lopes, Paulo Tadeu Campos; Santos, Ana Maria Pujol Vieira dos; Duarte, Rodrigo Dias; Piva, Luciano Zordan; Pozzobon, Adriane

doi:10.4067/s0717-95022012000200006

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In the present study, the mean overriding distances of the OCs on the FM were 6.22 mm for the right side and 7.3 mm for the left side. These results were nearly correspondent to the research of Pereira [19] who found that the mean overriding distance were 7.01 mm and 6.95 mm for the right and left sides respectively which is nearly concomitant with our measurements on the Egyptian skulls. In the current study, the mean sagittal angle of the right OC was 35.7° and that of the left one was 33.36°, while the mean AICD was 18.97 mm and the posterior one was 38.39 mm.…”

Section: Occipital Condylessupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Nevertheless, the results were nearly agreed with that of Indian skulls demonstrated by Saluja [20] (28.16 mm and 26.93 mm respectively), but slightly higher than the measurements of Pereira [19] (26.07 mm and 25.75 mm respectively). Also Pereira showed that the mean distances between the basion to the midpoint of the right OC was 14.87 mm and for the left one was 14.63 mm that were higher than the Egyptian measurements shown by the present study (16 mm and 15.78 mm respectively).…”

Section: Occipital Condylessupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Naderi [17] showed slightly lower results in Turks than in Egyptians that were 26.7 mm for the right side and 26.2 mm for the left one. In the present study, the mean distances between the opisthion to the midpoint of OCs were 29.78 mm for the right side and 30.26 mm for the left one which were slightly greater than in Indians as shown by Pereira [19] (28.78 mm and 28.32 mm respectively).…”

Section: Occipital Condylescontrasting

confidence: 61%

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Morphometric Study of Human Adult Occipital Condyle, Hypoglossal Canal and Foramen Magnum in Dry Skull of Modern Egyptians

Farid¹

2018

IJCDA

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The present study investigated analyze some morphometric data about occipital condyles (OCs), hypoglossal canals (HCs) and foramen magnum (FM) for safety transcondylar surgical approach, and to compare the Egyptian skull measurements with that of the other races. A total of 75 dry skulls of unknown sex which were randomly chosen from the archives were used with exclusion of the extremely deformed or damaged. The parameters were measured by digital Vernier calipers with 0.01 mm precision and a protractor. Statistical analysis of data -one way analysis of variance-was done using unpaired Student's t-test. Results indicated no statistical significant differences between the right and left sides of measured parameters. The morphometric analysis of the OC established that mean width & length was larger (14.8 & 22.9 mm) in Egyptian population when compared to other races. According to the parameters of the HCs, the mean length of right and left ones were 11.84 mm and 11.8 mm respectively, while their mean angles with the sagittal plane were found to be 31.8° and 31.6° respectively. The mean diameter of the intracranial end of the right HC was 6.24 mm and of the left one was 6.04 mm, on the other hand, the mean diameters of the extracranial ends were 6.18 mm and 6.04 mm respectively. Regarding the parameters of FM, the mean length and width were 35 mm and 29.4 mm respectively. On the other hand, the mean distance of right mastoid process to the nearest point of FM was 34.72 mm, while the left one located at a mean distance of 35.2 mm from FM. 40% of skulls studied exhibited an ovoid foramen magnum as the foramen magnum index was > 1.2 but 60% of our samples were ˂ 1.2 which were asymmetrical in shape. We conclude that careful radiological analysis of the craniocervical junction is required before surgery to prevent inadvertent complications such as hemorrhage, atlantooccipital instability and injury to major structures passing through foramen magnum. Our outcomes will be useful for safe surgery in craniocervical region in Egypt.

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Section: Occipital Condylessupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Occipital Condylessupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Occipital Condylescontrasting

confidence: 61%

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Morphometric Study of Human Adult Occipital Condyle, Hypoglossal Canal and Foramen Magnum in Dry Skull of Modern Egyptians

Farid¹

2018

IJCDA

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“…[20] In another study, the prevalence of septa in the HC was higher on the right side (65.8%). [21] In majority of skulls, the HC was located in the anterior 1/3, only in the 15% of skulls, it is located in relation to the middle one-third of the OC where the chances of injury to the hypoglossal nerve are more during condylectomy if half of the OC has to be removed. Therefore, the preoperative radiological examination is essential to determine the location of the HC and the existence of a septum to avoid the hypoglossal nerve injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anatomical perspective of human occipital condyle in relation to the hypoglossal canal, condylar canal, and jugular foramen and its surgical significance

Verma

Kumar

Mahajan

et al. 2016

J Craniovert Jun Spine

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Background:The transcondylar approach (TCA) has gained importance in recent era which enables shorter and direct route to access the lesions ventral to the brainstem. The important step in this approach is resection of the occipital condyle (OC). The detailed knowledge of bony anatomy of OC and its relation to the hypoglossal canal (HC), condylar canal (CC), and jugular foramen (JF) is very important to avoid any iatrogenic injury during craniovertebral surgeries. The aim of the present study is to conduct a morphometric and morphological study and note the variations of the OC and the structures surrounding it in North Indian population.Materials and Methods:The study was carried out on 100 OC. Morphometric measurements of OC and the distances of HC and JF from the posterior end of OC were noted. In addition, the extent of the HC and JF in relation to OC, presence or absence of CC, shape of the OC, and its articular facet were also noted.Results:The incidence of short OC was seen in 13% skulls. The most common shape of OC was oval or rhomboid. Even though the articular facet was convex in majority of skulls but flat (10%) and concave (1%) were also observed. The external and internal distance of HC from the posterior end of OC was13.83 mm and 10.66 mm on the right side and 15.02 mm and 11.89 mm on the left side. The OC was related in its middle 1/3 to the HC in 15% skulls and to the whole extent of JF in 3% skulls. Thirty-four percent skulls displayed the septa in the HC. The CC was present bilaterally in 38% skulls and unilaterally in 40% skulls.Conclusion:The OC and related structures such as HC, CC, and JF are likely to have variations in respect to morphometry and morphology. This study may prove helpful to neurosurgeons operating in this field, especially during TCA where neurovascular structures emerging from these canals and foramen are more vulnerable to injury.

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“…Morphometry of the OC is important in craniovertebral surgeries, particularly in accessing lesions ventral to the brainstem or at the cervicomedullary junction such HGN schwannomas, foramen magnum meningiomas and cervicomedullary hemangioblastomas (Tange et al, 2001;Suhardja et al, 2003). Transcondylar approach (TA), which involves partial condylectomy by drilling the posterior aspect of the OC is increasingly being used to access these lesions because it increases the surgical field of view and minimize nerve tissue retraction (Pereira et al,2012;Sahoo et al,2015). Occipital condylectomies may however complicate with hypoglossal nerve injuries or atlanto-occipital joint instabilities (Banerji, 1999;Sen et al, 2010;Lynch et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometry of Occipital condyles: Implications for transcondylar approach to craniovertebral junction lesions

Cheruiyot¹,

Mwachaka²,

Saidi³

2018

Anat. J. Afr.

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Partial occipital condylectomies are commonly done in trans-condylar approach to craniovertebral junction lesions. Following such procedures, post-operative atlanto-occipital joint instability and hypoglossal nerve palsies have been reported and has been attributed to population-specific variations in the occipital condyle (OC) dimensions. Determination of these dimensions may aid in minimizing these complications. One hundred and four (104) OC from 52 skulls (27 males, 25 females) were obtained from the osteology department, National Museums of Kenya. Occipital condyle length (OCL), width (OCW), height (OCH), anterior (AID) and posterior (PID) intercondylar distances and the distance from posterior tip of OC to hypoglossal canal (HC) were obtained using a pair of digital Vernier calipers. The data obtained were entered into SPSS for analysis. The mean OCL, OCW and OCH were 20.59±2.05 mm, 12.23±1.28 mm and 8.65±1.08 mm respectively while AID and PID were 19.66±2.70 mm and 38.52±3.09 mm respectively. Moderate OC type was the most predominant (60.6%). Males and females had predominantly moderate and short OC type respectively (p=0.001). The HC was located 9.62±1.62 mm from the posterior tip of the OC. Males had significantly larger OCL (p<0.001), OCH (p=0.001), PID (p=0.002) and posterior tip of OC to HC distance (p=0.008). Our study population generally has smaller OC dimensions compared to other populations. Females had significantly smaller OCL, OCH, OC-HC distance and PID. Clinicians should therefore take this information into consideration during preoperative planning in craniovertebral junction surgeries among Kenyans and particularly in females.Key Words: Occipital condyles, Morphometry, Transcondylar approach

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Morphometric Analysis Related to the Transcondylar Approach in Dry Skulls and Computed Tomography

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Morphometric Study of Human Adult Occipital Condyle, Hypoglossal Canal and Foramen Magnum in Dry Skull of Modern Egyptians

Morphometric Study of Human Adult Occipital Condyle, Hypoglossal Canal and Foramen Magnum in Dry Skull of Modern Egyptians

The anatomical perspective of human occipital condyle in relation to the hypoglossal canal, condylar canal, and jugular foramen and its surgical significance

Morphometry of Occipital condyles: Implications for transcondylar approach to craniovertebral junction lesions

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