Morphologically controlled synthesis of Cu2O nanocrystals and their properties

Kuo, Chun Hong; Huang, Michael H.

doi:10.1016/j.nantod.2010.02.001

Cited by 321 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…15,[31][32][33] Solvothermal syntheses are very well investigated and represent a versatile tool for the preparation of nanomaterials. [34][35][36] They bear the advantage to control size and shape by adjusting the reaction parameters. For convincing results solvents or even solvent mixtures must be varied.…”

Section: 24mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast track to nanomaterials: microwave assisted synthesis in ionic liquid media

et al. 2014

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Herein we present a general approach to metal and metal oxide nanoparticles using simple metal salts as starting materials. The reducing agent can be delivered in the form of the anion incorporated into the metal precursor respectively ionic liquid. Exemplary we demonstrate the synthesis of Cu and Ag as well as ZnO and NiO nanoparticles generated either from acetate or carbonate salts. All particles are synthesised by microwave heating without the necessity of inert conditions. Two different types of ionic liquids have been used as reaction media -tetra-n-butylphosphonium acetate (n-Bu 4 POAc) and 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium N,N-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imid (bmmim NTf 2 ). In this case, the choice of the ionic liquid seems to have significant influence on the size, shape and dispersity of the synthesised particles. It is clearly shown that the acetate anion present in all reaction mixtures can act as an inexpensive and nontoxic reducing agent. The final products in solid, liquid and gaseous phase have been characterised by XRD, TEM, NMR, FT-IR and online gas-phase MS.

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Section: 24mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast track to nanomaterials: microwave assisted synthesis in ionic liquid media

et al. 2014

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“…[29][30][31][32] Cu 2 O is considered to be the best candidate for the preparation of unique morphology. We also investigated the morphology evolution of Cu 2 O from the thinhexapod to the aggregated sphere via a thick-hexapod, truncated hexapod, truncated octahedron, and cuboctahedron.…”

Section: 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Uniform Hexapod Cu₂O and Hollow Hexapod CuO

Cho¹,

Huh²

2013

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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The atomic arrangement of the outer surface of inorganic oxides is strongly dependent on the morphology of inorganic oxides. The morphology-dependent properties of inorganic materials, such as magnetic, photocatalytic, and antibacterial activities, is one of the most important experimental issues in inorganic technology.1-5 Many researchers have prepared uniform and specific shaped inorganic oxides to understand the morphology-dependent properties of inorganic oxides.Most morphology-controlled synthesis has focused on the one-dimensional inorganic oxides, such as wires, rods, and ribbons with the assistance of hard-templates and softtemplates.6-9 Three-dimensional inorganic oxides with closed shapes such as cubes, octahedrons, cuboctahedrons, and rhombic dodecahedrons are usually prepared by hydrothermal and solvothermal reactions.10-14 However, few investigations have been carried out on three-dimensional inorganic oxides with open shapes such as tetrapods, hexapods, octapods, and star-like shapes. 15-19In general, the hollow metal oxides have superior catalytic efficiencies to non-hollow metal oxides, due to its low density, high surface-to-volume ratio, and large void spaces. 20,21The hollow CuO were widely used as catalysts, anodes for lithium batteries, and gas sensors.22-24 The hollow CuO spheres were fabricated using a droplet-to particle aerosol spray pyrolysis method.25 The hollow CuO spheres were synthesized using a hydrothermal reaction of carbohydrated copper precursors.26 Hollow CuO microspheres were synthesized via a complex assisted method with hexamethylenetetramine as a complex agent.27 Hierarchically porous CuO hollow spheres were also synthesized via a simple one-pot template-free method.24 CuO nanotubes were prepared by simple thermal oxidation of copper nanowires.28 However, most of the hollow CuO had microsphere structures. It is very difficult to synthesize a uniform morphology of the three-dimensional hollowed structures of CuO. To the best of our knowledge, this hollowed hexapod CuO is the first CuO synthesized until now.Cu 2 O is one of the most important inorganic oxides that have been extensively investigated for morphology-controlled synthesis.29-32 Cu 2 O is considered to be the best candidate for the preparation of unique morphology. We also investigated the morphology evolution of Cu 2 O from the thinhexapod to the aggregated sphere via a thick-hexapod, truncated hexapod, truncated octahedron, and cuboctahedron. 33However, the shape of the hexapod was not perfect and the end of each pod was not straight. Therefore, we reinvestigated the synthetic process for the preparation of uniform hexapod-like Cu 2 O. We also present a simple thermal oxidation method for the hollow hexapod of CuO from the direct oxidation of hexapod Cu 2 O in air at a high temperature.For the preparation of uniform hexapod Cu 2 O, we revisited our earlier work of the morphology evolution for Cu 2 O. 33Especially, we reexamined the synthetic conditions for the hexapod Cu 2 O. Even though the same chemical compo...

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“…20,21 Like CuO nanocrystals, nitridation of Cu 2 O nanocrystals could also lead to Cu 3 N. Controlled syntheses (monodispersity, size, morphology) of Cu 2 O nanocrystals by electrodeposition, wet chemical, and solvothermal methods exist, along with reports on their surface, catalytic, and electrical properties. 20,22,23 An interesting feature of Cu 3 N is its documented decomposition upon heating or electron bombardment. For example, Cu 3 N thin films convert to CuO nanowire arrays by annealing in air.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Instability of Nanocrystalline Cuprous Nitride

et al. 2015

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Low-dimensional cuprous nitride (Cu 3 N) was synthesized by nitridation (ammonolysis) of cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) nanocrystals using either ammonia (NH 3 ) or urea (H 2 NCONH 2 ) as the nitrogen source. The resulting nanocrystalline Cu 3 N spontaneously decomposes to nanocrystalline CuO in the presence of both water and oxygen from air at room temperature. Ammonia was produced in 60% chemical yield during Cu 3 N decomposition, as measured using the colorimetric indophenol method. Because Cu 3 N decomposition requires H 2 O and produces substoichiometric amounts of NH 3 >, we conclude that this reaction proceeds through a complex stoichiometry that involves the concomitant release of both N 2 and NH 3 . This is a thermodynamically unfavorable outcome, strongly indicating that H 2 O (and thus NH 3 production) facilitate the kinetics of the reaction by lowering the energy barrier for Cu3N decomposition. The three different Cu 2 O, Cu 3 N, and CuO nanocrystalline phases were characterized by a combination of optical absorption, powder Xray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and electronic density of states obtained from electronic structure calculations on the bulk solids. The relative ease of interconversion between these interesting and inexpensive materials bears possible implications for catalytic and optoelectronic applications. Disciplines Chemistry | Inorganic Chemistry CommentsReprinted (adapted) with permission from Inorganic Chemistry 54 (2015) ABSTRACT: Low-dimensional cuprous nitride (Cu 3 N) was synthesized by nitridation (ammonolysis) of cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) nanocrystals using either ammonia (NH 3 ) or urea (H 2 NCONH 2 ) as the nitrogen source. The resulting nanocrystalline Cu 3 N spontaneously decomposes to nanocrystalline CuO in the presence of both water and oxygen from air at room temperature. Ammonia was produced in 60% chemical yield during Cu 3 N decomposition, as measured using the colorimetric indophenol method. Because Cu 3 N decomposition requires H 2 O and produces substoichiometric amounts of NH 3 , we conclude that this reaction proceeds through a complex stoichiometry that involves the concomitant release of both N 2 and NH 3 . This is a thermodynamically unfavorable outcome, strongly indicating that H 2 O (and thus NH 3 production) facilitate the kinetics of the reaction by lowering the energy barrier for Cu 3 N decomposition. The three different Cu 2 O, Cu 3 N, and CuO nanocrystalline phases were characterized by a combination of optical absorption, powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and electronic density of states obtained from electronic structure calculations on the bulk solids. The relative ease of interconversion between these interesting and inexpensive materials bears possible implications for catalytic and optoelectronic applications.

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Morphologically controlled synthesis of Cu2O nanocrystals and their properties

Cited by 321 publications

References 65 publications

Fast track to nanomaterials: microwave assisted synthesis in ionic liquid media

Fast track to nanomaterials: microwave assisted synthesis in ionic liquid media

Preparation of Uniform Hexapod Cu₂O and Hollow Hexapod CuO

Preparation and Instability of Nanocrystalline Cuprous Nitride

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Morphologically controlled synthesis of Cu2O nanocrystals and their properties

Cited by 321 publications

References 65 publications

Fast track to nanomaterials: microwave assisted synthesis in ionic liquid media

Fast track to nanomaterials: microwave assisted synthesis in ionic liquid media

Preparation of Uniform Hexapod Cu2O and Hollow Hexapod CuO

Preparation and Instability of Nanocrystalline Cuprous Nitride

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Preparation of Uniform Hexapod Cu₂O and Hollow Hexapod CuO