Morphological Restructuring of Myocardium During the Early Phase of Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the specific features of the morphological restructuring of the myocardium in the early stage of experimental diabetes mellitus (DM). Experimental type 1 DM rat model was developed by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan solution at a dose of 30 mg per 100 g body mass. After 1 month, 3 mL of blood was drawn by heart puncture and the plasma separated by centrifugation for biochemical analysis. Plasma glucose, insulin, and glycosylated haemoglobin in whole blood were determined. Light microscopy and morphometric studies were conducted of histological slices of the hearts of experimental animals. The investigation of heart morphology showed a statistically significant alteration in chamber wall thickness in the right auricle in rats with alloxan-induced DM. A change in cardiomyocyte diameter in myocardium slices was observed in all chambers of DM rats except for the left ventricle. Average cardiomyocyte diameter in rats with experimental DM increased by 26.6% and 15.5% in the right auricle and right ventricle, respectively, while average cardiomyocyte diameter in the left auricle decreased by 20.8%. Histological investigation of the heart following alloxan injection demonstrated, under the epicardium, distended vessels of the venous collecting microcirculatory system. Aggregation and agglutination of red blood cells and endothelial cell destruction were found in some vessels. In the early stage of DM development, structural alterations in the microcirculatory channels and myocardiocytes can be observed in the heart. These structural alterations were most evident in the right chambers of the heart. Anat Rec, 298:396-407, 2015Rec, 298:396-407, . V C 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Atorvastatin alleviates experimental diabetic cardiomyopathy by suppressing apoptosis and oxidative stress

“…ATOR group was observed in the current study. Similar finding was observed by Shida et al (2014) who mentioned that this beneficial effect of statins may be attributed to the reduction in myocardial oxidative stress and upregulation of angiogenic factors that can overcome endothelial destruction in DCM (Danilova et al 2015). In parallel, statins increase myocardial endothelial nitric oxide synthase, vascular endothelial growth factor, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1a mRNA expression (Van Linthout et al 2007;Shida et al 2014) which may explain the noticeable improvement in the coronary microcirculation.…”

Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Mangiferin in Normal and Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats after Oral and Intravenous Administration by UPLC-MS/MS

“…It is well known that DM induces morphological and/or functional complications that affect eyes, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems in DM patients [9][10][11] and DM animals [12][13][14][15][16]. Hence, these complications indicate that DM may alter the pharmacokinetic profiles of mangiferin.…”

“…Alloxan (2,4,5,6-tetraoxypyrimidine; 5,6-dioxyuracil) is one of the main chemicals used to induce experimental diabetes rats [12,16].…”

Anti-Hyperglycemic and Anti-Oxidative Effects of L-Carnitine Administration in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Wistar Rats

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