Morphological characters of kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol) from Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Kepel is a rare plant that becomes the identity plant of Special Region of Yogyakarta and often used as natural perfume and bio-pharmaceutical. This research was conducted to identify the vegetative characterization of kepel and to determine the variety of kepel in Kulon Progo Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The study was conducted from December 2018 to March 2019. The research method used was survey method with sampling purpose in 12 sub-districts in Kulon Progo. Kepel plant that have produced fruits, healthy, and normal growth were used as samples. Each plant was observed and the vegetative parameters were measured including the trunk, the leaf, and the canopy. The observation variables according to the description for Annonaceae. The data were analyzed using cluster analysis. Morphological characters from 36 samples in Kulon Progo had a high diversity based on similarity analysis in 14 variables with coefficient of similarity 35-92%. There are four clusters with a similarity level of 49,5%. Cluster 1 has 10 samples (27.78%), Cluster 2 has 22 samples (61.11%), Cluster 3 has 2 samples (5.56%), and Cluster 4 has 2 samples (5.56%). Kepel Wates5 is expected to be a high-yielding variety based on the number of tubercles and tree age.

Browning Prevention Method in Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol (Blume) Hook.f. & Thomson) in Vitro Culture

“…Stelechocarpus burahol (Blume) Hook.f. & Thomson, also known as Kepel, is one of the fruit plants native from Indonesia and include to the Annonaceae family (Handayani et al, 2020;Angio & Firdiana, 2021). All parts of Kepel have several health benefits, such as preventing body odor (Angio & Firdiana, 2021), preventing mouth odor, urination, and kidney inflammation, anti-implantation, source of antioxidants, anti- hyperuricemia or prevention of arthritis caused by increased uric acid levels in the blood, and anti-cancer (Rofiqah et al, 2021).…”

“…These factors include the low economic value resulting from the relatively smaller size of the fruit compared to its seed, the difficulty in propagation through cuttings and grafts, and the high failure rate. Propagation through seeds is also relatively difficult due to the long dormancy period (4-6 months) and low germination rate (Handayani et al, 2020;Hutabarat et al, 2022). High utilization along with inadequate propagation provoke the declining population of this plant, thus causing it to be categorized as conservation-dependent (Handayani et al, 2020;Angio & Firdiana, 2021).…”

“…Propagation through seeds is also relatively difficult due to the long dormancy period (4-6 months) and low germination rate (Handayani et al, 2020;Hutabarat et al, 2022). High utilization along with inadequate propagation provoke the declining population of this plant, thus causing it to be categorized as conservation-dependent (Handayani et al, 2020;Angio & Firdiana, 2021).…”

Effect of Explants Sterilization and Plant Growth Regulators on Embryo Culture of Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol)

“…This scarcity can be caused by people who are less interested in cultivating it because it has low economic value. Kepel fruit mainly contains seeds and only a slight flesh [2,5]. Apart from that, the small kepel plants' growth is slow and challenging to conventional propagation.…”