Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Rhizoctonia solani Isolates from Two Different Rice Varieties

Bintang, A’isyah Surya; Wibowo, Arif; Priyatmojo, Achmadi; Subandiyah, Siti

doi:10.22146/jpti.25469

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Sclerotia growth pattern was determined to differ from isolate to isolate, independent of the collection site. Bintang et al (2017) also found similar results and states that sclerotia growth pattern may vary and is often independent of the collection area of the isolate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

First Report of Rhizoctonia solani Associated with Black Scurf of Potato Tubers in Lesotho

Mothibeli

Lekota

Liphoto

et al. 2023

Int. J. Phytopathol.

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Rhizoctonia solani is considered a destructive and widely distributed soil borne pathogenic fungus causing black scurf on potato tubers globally. Morphological, microscopic characteristics and virulence studies were done on ten R. solani isolates isolated from four districts of Maseru, Thaba-tseka (Mantsónyane), Quthing and Berea representing three agro-ecological zones; the mountains, lowlands and Senqu river valley. The characteristics include colony colour, hyphal orientation, number of nuclei, and presence of constrictions were studied after five days while colony growth was observed over 24 hour intervals. Variations were observed on all cultural and morphological characters studied in different geographical areas. Among the thirty isolates studied, thirteen of them had pale brown colonies in colour, while eleven had colonies with cream colour, and only 6 isolates had pale to brown coloured colonies. Isolate RB2A had a number of differentiating features such as faster mycelium growth rate of 4 cm at 24 hours, compared to other isolate with 2 cm between 24 hours and 72 hours which progressed to medium (5cm) after 72 hours and then faster after 96 hours. Mycelium growth rate was observed to be independent of the sample collection site (Figure 4; Table 2). The highest nuclei number of 12 was observed with RM3B isolate, while the lowest number of four was observed with RM1A isolate. A pot experiment to evaluate the virulance strenghth of collected isolates was also conducted under greenhouse conditions, with three cultivars commonly grown in Lesotho, inoculated with the isolates collected from different geographical areas were tested. Isolates showed differences in aggressiveness among and within different potato cultivars grown. All the isolates collected were aggressive in causing black scurf of potatoes with percentage disease incidence ranging from 22 to 51 in Fandango, 70 to 92 in Panamera and 4 to 51 in Savannah. However, different cultivars responded diferently to infection by the isolates. Panamera was the most susceptible cultivar with the highest disease incidence of 83% and disease severity index of 85%. This is the first report of R. solani causing black scurf on potatoes in Lesotho. Information of Rhizoctonia solani’s prevelence is crucial in the development of effective and timely potato diseases control strategies and growers can make informed cultivar choices for management of Rhizoctonia solani

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

First Report of Rhizoctonia solani Associated with Black Scurf of Potato Tubers in Lesotho

Mothibeli

Lekota

Liphoto

et al. 2023

Int. J. Phytopathol.

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“…CTAB method was used to isolate the fungal DNA. The ITS 1 and ITS 4 primers (Toda et al, 1999;Pascual et al, 2000;Priyatmojo et al, 2001, Toda et al, 2004Bintang et al, 2017) were used to amplify the ITS rDNA region. The following primers were also used to detect the specific subgroup of R. solani: Rs1F-Rs2R for R. solani AG1-IA (Sayler & Yang, 2007), AG2sp-5,8SKhotR for R. solani AG2, and AG22sp2-5,8SKhotR for R. solani AG2-2IIIB (Salazar et al, 2000, Fredricks et al, 2010.…”

Section: Molecular Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Group AG1 has subgroup AG1-IA, which is the most important group of pathogens causing sheath blight, banded leaf, aerial blight, and brown patch in more than 27 families of dicots and monocots (Singh et al, 2016). R. solani can be identified through morphological observation (Kumar et al, 2008;Lal & Kandhari, 2009;Moni et al, 2016), ITS rDNA sequencing (Toda et al, 1999;Pascual et al, 2000;Priyatmojo et al, 2001, Toda et al, 2004Bintang et al, 2017), or specific primers for various subgroups (Salazar et al, 2000;Sayler & Yang, 2007;Fredricks et al, 2010). Rice sheath blight is caused by R. solani and two other Rhizoctonia viz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Sheath Blight Complex of Fungi in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Nayogyani

Kasiamdari²

2022

Egypt. J. Bot.

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R ICE sheath blight is the most economically substantial rice disease worldwide that leads to significant grain yield and quality losses. Rhizoctonia solani is the causal agent of sheath blight. However, other fungal species are also associated with sheath blight and could aggravate the disease complex. This study investigated the fungi associated with the sheath blight complex of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Three isolates showed different morphological characteristics in terms of colony color, hyphal size, hyphal branching, and sclerotia formation and size. Identification by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequence revealed their identities as R. solani AG1-IA, Chaetomium globosum, and Poitrasia circinans. C. globosum and P. circinans were associated with rice sheath blight. A phylogenetic tree differentiated R. solani AG1-IA from C. globosum and P. circinans and revealed other R. solani AG-4 and AG2-2IIIB subgroups and fungi that could cause the sheath rot of rice (Fusarium proliferatum, F. hainanense, F. sulawesianense, and Sarocladium oryzae).

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“…The infected leaf sheath (5 mm 2 ) and sclerotia of the fungus from each infected sample were clean in sterilize distilled water and surface sterilized in 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 30-60s, washed three times with sterilized distilled water, dried on filter paper and placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium (OXOID, made in the United Kingdom) The plate was at 27-30 o C for 2-3 days incubated (Lal et al 2014;Singh et al 2018). Pure cultures were obtained by re-culture from hyphal tips and maintained on PDA (Priyatmojo et al 2001;Bintang et al 2017). Mycelial discs (Ø 5 mm) of 5-d-old cultures of each isolate were transferred to PDA and incubated for four weeks at 30 ± 2 °C (Singh et al 2014).…”

Section: Isolation Of R Solanimentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of photoperiod on the cultural morphology of Rhizoctonia solani isolates of maize from Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia

Budiarti

Lukman²,

Sumardiyono

et al. 2019

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Budiarti SW, Lukman R, Sumardiyono C, Wibowo A, Priyatmojo A. 2019. Effect of photoperiod on the cultural morphology of Rhizoctonia solani isolates of maize from Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2028-2038. Banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn is a significant constraint of maize production in Indonesia, especially within the last several years. R. solani is an important soil-borne necrotrophic fungal pathogen which is known to be sensitive to different environmental conditions. The differential response of fungi to light and dark is important to study, especially of those causing disease to crop plant as it helps to reveal the factors regulating the pathogenicity of the fungus. This study aims to determine the effect of light duration on the mycelial development and sclerotia formation of R. solani isolates obtained from different locations in Yogyakarta Special Region and Central Java, Indonesia. Ten isolates of R. solani collected from different geographic regions in Yogyakarta Special Region, and Central Java from maize (nine isolates) and rice (one isolate) were exposed to three different light conditions: 12 h alternating light/dark, continuous darkness, and continuous light. Cultural morphology and sclerotial characteristics were recorded for each isolate. All isolates revealed great diversity in terms of cultural and morphological characteristics after exposure to three different light conditions. Under complete darkness, the mycelial growth phase was extended, and a fluffy mass of mycelia was produced. All isolates showed abundant growth under the 12 h alternating light/dark condition than under the continuous dark and continuous light conditions. Sclerotia were initiated earlier under the 12 h alternating light/dark condition than under other conditions. The 12 h alternating light/dark condition also induced number and heavier weight of sclerotia compared with those produced under the continuous light and continuous dark conditions. The modifications in light condition exert a significant impact on some R. solani isolates.

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Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Rhizoctonia solani Isolates from Two Different Rice Varieties

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

First Report of Rhizoctonia solani Associated with Black Scurf of Potato Tubers in Lesotho

First Report of Rhizoctonia solani Associated with Black Scurf of Potato Tubers in Lesotho

Characterization of the Sheath Blight Complex of Fungi in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Effect of photoperiod on the cultural morphology of Rhizoctonia solani isolates of maize from Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia

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