Morphological and Anatomical Aspects of a Cleft Micrografting of Grape Explants in Vitro

Cantos, Manuel; Alés, G.; Arce, Antonio Troncoso de

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1995.388.20

Cited by 5 publications

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“…When 'Hass' SE shoots from previous micrografts were used, 100% survival was observed. Although this is comparable to previous micrografting studies involving cashew (Mneney and Mantell, 2001), grape (Cantos et al, 1995) and citrus (De Pasquale et al, 1999), the survival of micrografts ex vitro was very low.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Micrografting has been studied for different purposes: -rejuvenation of shoots from adult plants (Huang and Millikan, 1980;Pliego Alfaro and Murashige, 1987;Mneney and Mantell, 2001;Onay et al, 2004); -production of disease-free plants (Navarro et al, 1975;Jonard et al, 1983;Navarro, 1988); -diagnosis of virus infection (Tanne et al, 1993); -enhanced plant recovery from somatic embryos (SEs) and genetically transformed cultures (De Pasquale et al, 1999;Lou and Gould, 1999;Pen˜a and Navarro, 1999;Prakash et al, 1999); and -study of graft compatibility and formation of the graft union (Jonard et al, 1990;Cantos et al, 1995). Ex vitro grafting of shoots that are produced in vitro has been used mainly to rescue rootless plantlets (Yang et al, 2000;Weber et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micrografting and ex vitro grafting for somatic embryo rescue and plant recovery in avocado (Persea americana)

Raharjo

Litz

2005

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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The efficient recovery of plants from avocado somatic embryos has been difficult to achieve by manipulating maturation and conversion conditions in vitro. The production of morphologically normal, bipolar somatic embryos occurs at low frequency, usually <2%, and conversion is sporadic. In order to utilize the embryogenic system for improving avocado by genetic transformation and in vitro mutagenesis, different protocols for rescuing the shoots that develop from somatic embryos were evaluated. Shoots derived either from somatic embryos or from shoot tip and nodal cultures were either micrografted or grafted ex vitro onto seedling rootstocks. Depending on scion type, micrografting was 59-100% successful. For ex vitro grafting, several genotypes derived from shoot tip/nodal cultures were used as scions with either top slit or side grafting. Plant recovery after ex vitro grafting was 52-76%, and flushing generally occurred 20-25 days after grafting. Top slit and side grafting were equally successful (68-72%); however, the former resulted in earlier flushing (21 versus 29 days). These grafting procedures have been adopted for routine rescue of avocado regenerants from somatic embryos.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micrografting and ex vitro grafting for somatic embryo rescue and plant recovery in avocado (Persea americana)

Raharjo

Litz

2005

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…This method produced high success rates, comparable to those described here, but would be more time consuming and laborious, considering the time and effort involved in wrapping the graft union with sterile aluminium foil under aseptic conditions. Cantos et al (1995) compared the effect of three scion genotypes on three rootstocks in a grapevine micrografting experiment, and, like us, reported the absence of rootstock, scion and rootstock · scion interaction effects. Presumably, the incompatibility seen in other methods of grafting applies less under in vitro conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Presumably, the incompatibility seen in other methods of grafting applies less under in vitro conditions. The micrografting technique employed by Cantos et al (1995), using a cleft made on top of the rootstock to insert the scion, was very similar to our method. They reported callusing within 6 days of grafting and the establishment of vacuolar connections on the eighth day.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Early detection of grapevine leafroll virus in Vitis vinifera using in vitro micrografting

Pathirana

McKenzie

2005

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Micrografting of grapevine was investigated for its use as a tool in virus indexing of grapevine stock. Cabernet franc and Cabernet sauvignon scions infected with grapevine leafroll-associated closterovirus III (GLRaVIII) were grafted on to virus-free indicator rootstocks of LN 33 and Cabernet sauvignon growing in tissue culture. The two rootstocks and two scions were grafted in all four possible combinations along with two control grafts (virus-free scion on virus-free rootstock). A modified MS Murashige and Skoog (1962) tissue culture medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l )1 6-benzylaminopurine was sufficient to induce multiple shoots. Shoots and micrografts readily produced roots in the basal medium. Micrografting gave an overall success rate of 77.8%, with no significant difference between LN 33 rootstock and Cabernet sauvignon. When leafroll infected scion material was micrografted on to virus-free rootstock, the rootstock leaf turned red (23.5% in LN 33 and 63.9% in Cabernet sauvignon) or it showed leafrolling (28.5%, no significant difference between LN 33 and Cabernet sauvignon) within 2-3 weeks. After 12 weeks in culture, the extent of viral symptoms in the micrografted material was high (81.3%), with no significant difference between LN 33 and Cabernet sauvignon; however, the expression of symptoms was more severe on Cabernet sauvignon than on LN 33 rootstock. Double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was used to validate the visual symptoms and the presence of virus was confirmed in 80% of the rootstock with visual symptoms of infection. Results indicate that micrografting is an effective method for viral indexing of grapevines. The method can be used in conjunction with wood indexing for post-entry quarantine to identify infected material and reject it much earlier than is currently possible.Abbreviations: DAS-ELISA -double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; GLRaVIII -grapevine leafroll-associated closterovirus III; MS medium -Murashige and Skoog's medium; PVPpolyvinylpyrrolidone

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“…Aşılamadan bir hafta sonra kallus oluşumunun meydana geldiği ve kayıp yaşanmadığı bildirilmiştir. Aşıdan 8-12 saat sonra anaç ve kalem vasküler dokuları arasında ilk kaynaşmanın sağlandığı, 20-30 gün sonra ise aşılarda tutmanın meydana geldiği bildirilmektedir (Cantos et al, 1995).…”

Section: Aşılama Tekniğiunclassified

In vitro Micrografting of Woody Plant Species-I (Rootstock, Scion, Grafting Technique)

Çalar¹,

Onay²,

Karlıdağ³

et al. 2017

jist

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ÖZET: İn-vitro aşılama, aksenik kültür koşullarında minyatür aşı kalemlerinin aşılanmasını kapsayan ve diğer tekniklere nazaran en son vejetatif çoğaltım tekniklerinden biridir. Bu yöntem, sürgün ucu kültürü ve aşılamanın bazı sınırlayıcı özelliklerinin üstesinden gelmekle birlikte, her iki metodun avantajlarını da bir arada bulundurmaktadır. İlk uygulandığı zamanlarda bazı meyve tür ve çeşitlerindeki virüs ve benzeri endojen patojenlerin eradikasyonu için geliştirilen in-vitro aşılama, bitki gelişim ve fizyolojisinin farklı alanlarında çeşitli odunsu bitki türlerinde hızla gelişmiştir. Bunlar birçok odunsu türlerin olgun genotiplerinin klonal çoğaltımında bir ön koşul olarak fizyolojik rejuvenasyonu ve aşıda uyuşmazlığı da kapsamaktadır. Sonuç olarak in-vitro aşılama, yoğun olarak kullanılan ve diğer vejatatif çoğaltım metodlarında bulunan olumsuzlukların üstesinden gelebilmek için daha çok düşünülmeyi ve kullanılmayı hak eden orijinal ve tecrübe gerektiren bir tekniktir. Doku ve hücreler arasındaki genetik benzerlik ve farklılıkların ayrıntılı incelenmesine imkan sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1970'li yıllarda turunçgillerde virüsten ari bitki üretimi amacıyla başlayan in vitro aşılama çalışmalarının günümüze kadar nasıl bir süreçten geçtiği ve özellikle meyve türlerinin de dahil olduğu odunsu bitki türlerinde bitki ıslahı ve çoğaltımı amacıyla ne tür çalışmaların yapıldığının ortaya çıkarılması ve belli bir düzende sunulmasıdır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Aşılama, in-vitro, kalem ABSTRACT: In vitro micrografting is a propagation technique, involving the grafting of relatively miniature cuttings under axenic culture conditions and it is one of the recent developed propagation techniques compared to other conventional vegetative propagation techniques. This method overcomes some of the limitations of shoot tip culture and grafting, while it also keeps together the advantages of both methods. Micrografting was applied for the eradication viruses and pathogens from some fruit species and cultivars during the first application period, but later, the technique was further developed on various woody plant species in different research areas of plant physiology and development. These includes physiological rejuvenation and incompatibility grafting as a prerequisite for the clonally propagation of mature genotypes of many woody species. Consequently, in vitro micrografting is used in large scale propagation and an original technique which needs experience by overcoming the disadvantages of other propagation technique. It also enables to examine in detail the genetic similarities and differences between the tissues and cells. The aims of this study were (1) to review how micrografting studies passed a process from 1970s until today, first started to obtain virus-free plants from citrus; (2) to reveal what kind of work has been presented particularly on the plant breeding and propagation of the woody plant species, including the type of fruit breeding and reproduction and (3) and to present those studies in a specific order.

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Morphological and Anatomical Aspects of a Cleft Micrografting of Grape Explants in Vitro

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Micrografting and ex vitro grafting for somatic embryo rescue and plant recovery in avocado (Persea americana)

Micrografting and ex vitro grafting for somatic embryo rescue and plant recovery in avocado (Persea americana)

Early detection of grapevine leafroll virus in Vitis vinifera using in vitro micrografting

In vitro Micrografting of Woody Plant Species-I (Rootstock, Scion, Grafting Technique)

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