Morphogenesis in pastures of Coastcross-1 and Tifton 85 mixed with forage peanut, submitted to cutting management

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the presence of forage peanut (Arachis pintoi Krap. and Greg.) on the morphogenesis characteristics of two cultivars of Cynodon (Tifton 85 and Coastcross-1). The experimental design was factorial (three factors), in randomized blocks, having as factors the cultivars (2), the occupancy area of forage peanut (4) and the seasons (3), with three replications, established in plots. There were three assessments during the study, in spring, summer and autumn, in which the total number of tillers, the culm and leaf elongation, the senescence rate and leaf emergence, the phyllochron, the leaf lifespan, the leaf number and the height of culm and canopy were evaluated. The number of green leaves, number of elongating leaves and senescence rate were similar among cultivars, but cv. Coastcross-1 showed higher number of expanded leaves and leaf emergence rate, and lower phyllochron and leaf lifespan. We observed lower rates of senescence and higher leaf emergence in spring, and lower rates of leaf elongation in autumn. The increasing participation of forage peanut in the pastures did not affect the calculated morphogenetic variables, but decreased the number of grass tillers. A lower average daily thermal accumulation decreased the development of both grasses in this study, with a more pronounced effect in cv. Tifton 85. The Coastcross-1 cultivar has higher elongation rate and leaf emergence, coupled with lower phyllochron and leaf lifespan, indicating a need for shorter rest periods when compared to cv. Tifton 85. Key words: Arachis pintoi. Cynodon dactylon. Mixed swards. Structural characteristics. ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a presença do amendoim forrageiro (Arachis pintoi Krap. e Greg.) sobre as características morfogênicas de duas cv.es do gênero Cynodon (Tifton 85 e Coastcross-1). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em fatorial distribuído em blocos ao acaso, apresentando como fatores as cultivares (2), a oportunização de área para o amendoim forrageiro no plantio das pastagens (4) e as estações estudadas (3), com três repetições, sendo estabelecidas em parcelas. Realizaramse três avaliações no decorrer do estudo, caracterizando as estações de primavera, verão e outono, sendo avaliado o número total de perfilhos, alongamento de colmo e folhas, taxa de senescência e

Fermentative profile, nutritional composition, and aerobic stability of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum) and forage peanut (Arachis pintoi) mixed silages

“…Los grados-día de calentamiento acumulados en la estabilidad presentaron reducción, hecho también observado por Ziech et al (34), que observaron reducción en los grados-día a la medida que las proporciones de maní forrajero en asociación con Coastcross y Tifton -85 gramíneas fueron aumentadas. La reducción de los grados-día puede estar relacionada a los picos de temperatura observados durante a exposición del ensilaje al medio aeróbico.…”

Evaluation of Tifton 85 during hay production using different nitrogen fertilization rates and dehydration methods

“…Vilela et al (2005) reported that there is no variation in the number of tillers per square meter of C. dactylon 'Coastcross' in relation to season (spring, summer, and fall) and that a plant height of ≥20 cm reduces the incidence of solar radiation at the base of the tillers and consequently, their number. Ziech et al (2016) reported that the number of tillers reduced from 2,846 to 2,090 m 2 for Tifton 85 and from 2,515 to 1,846 m 2 for 'Coastcross,' when the N rate increased from 0 to 75 kg ha -1 . Therefore, the number of tillers probably reduces with increasing N rate due to the higher rates of daily leaf growth, since there is a negative relation between plant density and plant height, which compete for nutrient assimilation.…”