Morin attenuates STZ-induced diabetic retinopathy in experimental animals

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) occurs in untreated diabetic patients due to the strong influence of oxidative stress. Bioflavonoids are well known for their antioxidant property. Morin, a bioflavonoid, has been demonstrated for its antioxidant as well as antidiabetic activity. Thus, this research work intended to determine the ameliorative impact of morin in DR rats using STZ-induced type 1 diabetic model. To induce type 1 diabetic in rats STZ (60 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. Grouping of animals was done as described below (n = 6), where, group I – normal control, group II – diabetic control, group III – morin (25 mg/kg), group IV – morin (50 mg/kg), and group V – metformin (350 mg/kg) were used. All the animals underwent treatment for 60 days as given above. It was observed that supplementation of morin (25 and 50 mg/kg) showed a noteworthy decline in elevated serum glucose level. Moreover, decrease in the level of LPO and improved activity of endogenous antioxidants (GPx, CAT, and SOD) was observed in morin treated groups. It also notably drops the concentration of TNF-α, IL-1β, and VEGF in the tissue homogenate of the retina. Furthermore, it increased the retinal thickness and cell count in the ganglion cell layer of the retina in diabetic animals. Hence, we can conclude that morin encumbers the progression of DR in diabetic animals, which may be via antioxidant property and suppression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and VEGF.

Antioxidants Isolated from Elaeagnus umbellata (Thunb.) Protect against Bacterial Infections and Diabetes in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Model

“…Among the compounds (morin, phloroglucinol, and 1-hexylbenzene) isolated from E. umbellata berries antioxidant morin has been assessed for antidiabetic potential. Morin, a bioflavonoid, has demonstrated antioxidant as well as antidiabetic activities along with its antihyperlipidemic effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats [ 17 ]. Reported studies have revealed that morin can be used as a non-competitive inhibitor that regulates the expression of MicroRNA-29a (regulator of insulin receptor) in HepG2 cells and improves insulin signaling and stimulating the metabolic pathways [ 18 ].…”

Inhibition of Ferroptosis Ameliorates Photoreceptor Degeneration in Experimental Diabetic Mice

“…ROS induces lipid peroxidation in phospholipid-containing cell membranes, resulting in the production of MDA, which directly causes cytotoxicity and then induces ferroptosis [20]. Previous studies have demonstrated GSH depletion [21], ROS accumulation, and increased MDA production [10] in the retinas of diabetic rats. Our study showed that ROS content was obviously increased in HG-induced 661W cells.…”

“…In recent years, ferroptosis has been found to play an important role in the progression of diabetes mellitus and its multiple complications, such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and DR [7]. Previous studies have demonstrated that iron overload [8], glutathione (GSH) depletion [9], and lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation [10], the critical factors that trigger ferroptosis, promote the development and progression of DR. In addition, high glucose 2 of 16 (HG) administration has been confirmed to induce ferroptosis in human retinal capillary endothelial cells [11].…”

Flavonoids and cardiovascular risk factors: a review

“…Similarly, apigenin improves diabetesassociated nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats as compared to control animals and prevents renal dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, collagen deposition, glomerulosclerosis, and fibrosis (189). A promising anti-diabetic effect characterizes also other flavonoids like quercetin (190), morin (191), hesperetin (192), and kaempferol (193) as demonstrated in various diabetic animal models.…”