Mood, categorization breadth, and performance appraisal: The effects of order of information acquisition and affective state on halo, accuracy, information retrieval, and evaluations

On being sad and mistaken: Mood effects on the accuracy of thin-slice judgments.

“…Differences in methodology, particularly the type of judgment stimuli, may explain this inconsistency. In the present study, unlike in past impression formation studies (Forgas, 1991(Forgas, , 1998Sinclair, 1988), participants were exposed to the dynamic nonverbal behaviors that compose everyday social exchanges. It has previously been noted that the interpretation of nonverbal behavior calls on an automatic form of cognitive processing, one that does not rely on controlled and conscious thought LeDoux, 1996;Niedenthal, 1990).…”

“…However, both transient and enduring affective states also exert effects on the manner in which social information is processed. At the state level, happy people tend to process information in a more heuristic and less systematic manner, relying more on cognitive short cuts and general knowledge structures and less on careful, logical thought (Bless, Bohner, Schwarz, & Strack, 1990;Forgas, 1991;Mackie & Worth, 1989;Schwarz & Bless, 1991;Sinclair, 1988). This leads to greater efficiency in their judgments (Forgas, 1991;Niedenthal & Setterlund, 1994).…”

“…Experimentally induced sadness and natural levels of depression are associated with heightened vigilance and increased effort in the processing of social cues, an effect that yields improved accuracy. In fact, distortions in judgment, such as the FAE (Forgas, 1998) and the halo error (Sinclair, 1988), are reduced by the experience of sadness.…”

Strategic Risk Management

“…Finally, this reasoning also resonates well with findings on the impact of affect on the information processing of humans; specifically, individuals with a negative mood -as it often 42 results from learning about challenging developments or problems -have been found to engage in more efforts to gather diagnostic information, more complex information processing strategies, and less use of cognitive heuristics (e.g., Hildebrandt-Saints and Weary, 1989;Sinclair, 1988;Taylor, 1991). Hence, "decision makers' cognitions and motivations systematically affect the processing of issues and the types of organizational actions taken in response to them" (Dutton and Jackson, 1987: 76).…”

Predicción de la sintomatología somática a partir del estres diario : un estudio prospectivo controlando el efecto del neuroticismo

“…En particular, como señalan Spector et al (2000), cuando lo que se pretende estudiar es la percepción de los estresores sobre determinadas consecuencias, habría que ser especialmente cauteloso al tratar la variable AN pues esta puede ejercer efectos sustantivos sobre la percepción. En este sentido, por ejemplo, los autores señalan que no hay razones para pensar que los sujetos altos en AN mienten sobre sus percepciones (podrían ser los bajos en AN los que mintiesen al no querer ver lo negativo); más bien al contrario, existen datos para pensar que las personas con estados emocionales negativos son más precisas en sus percepciones del ambiente (p.ej., Sacco, 1985;Sinclair, 1988) (no obstante, debe aclararse que Watson y Peimebaker plantearon un efecto de sesgo de la AN en todos los niveles del continuo de esta variable y no sólo en los sujetos altos vs. los bajos).…”