Monthly changes in the content and monosaccharide composition of fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida (Laminariales, Phaeophyta)

Abstract

Crude fucoidan was extracted from the brown alga Undaria pinnatifida collected monthly from April to last July in Peter the Great Bay (Japan Sea, Russia). The amount of crude fucoidan rose markedly from April to June-July (from 3.2 to 16.0% dry weight) as the plant matures. An analysis of the monosaccharide composition of the fucoidan extracted showed that the alga synthesized polysaccharides with various structures which were dependent on the algae age. In juvenile plants collected in AprilMay, this was represented by sulfated manno-galactofucan containing up to 19-28 mol% of mannose and about 20 mol% of galactose, whereas in matured plants collected in June-July, the polysaccharide was represented by a sulfated galactofucan containing more than 38 mol% galactose. It is postulated that the production of sori causes a subsequent effect on fucoidan synthesis and leads to an enhanced of crude fucoidan content and an increased molar concentration of galactose. Crude fucoidan content in sporophylls increased 5 times, and galactose content in this polysaccharide rose s1.6 times with sori formation. The structural characteristics of the fucoidan extracted from sporophylls of Undaria collected in July were also studied. The fractionation of crude fucoidan on DEAE-Sephadex A-25 gave two fractions, F1 and F2 in equal quantities. F1 was characterized as manno-galactofucan sulfate and F2 was galactofucan sulfate. The molecular weights of both fractions were in a range of 30-80 kDa. Analysis of fucoidan structure using ESI-FTICR mass spectrometry showed the presence of mixed oligosaccharides consisting of fucose and galactose. Presumably, the polysaccharide molecules contain blocks built up of successively linked residues of fucose and galactose. These blocks are built from two to five or more residues of monosaccharides. According to IR-spectroscopy data, the main portion of sulfates is located at C2; in addition, sulfate esters are also present at C4 on the fucose and C3 and C6 of the galactose units.

Influence of Species, Geographic Location, Seasonal Variation and Extraction Method on the Fucoidan Yield of the Brown Seaweeds of Gulf of Mannar, India

“…The authors also reported a correlation between fucoidan yield and seasonality; and more fucoidan was obtained during the reproductive stages of the seaweed. The physical and chemical states of the seaweed change during the reproductive stage [16] . In the present study, Sargassum during maturation period (September and October) gave highest yield of fucoidan and P. tetrastromatica collected during January, recorded higher yield.…”

“…The variation in the monosaccharide composition of fucoidan from U. pinnatifida and was analysed and reported that sulphated galactofucan varied from 19 to 38 mol. Percent galactose dependent on the maturity stage of algae [16] .…”

“…In general, extraction of sulphated polysaccharides from seaweed is usually performed by using hot water, dilute acid, or dilute alkali. But all of these methodologies involve long extraction time and high volume of diluents [12][13][14][15][16] . Although various extraction methods have been widely used, the use of organic solvents was the most common method practiced widely [17] .…”

Optimasi Metode Ekstraksi Fukoidan dari Rumput Laut Cokelat Sargassum binderi Sonder

“…Dalam akuades kelarutan poli sakarida lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan asam, hal ini merupakan salah satu penyebab kandungan total polisakarida lebih tinggi pada pengekstrak akuades. Kandungan total gula pada fukoidan dipengaruhi beberapa hal antara lain metode ekstraksi, perbedaan spesies, variasi musim, masa tumbuh/panen, lingkungan tempat tumbuh, dan pelarut (Franck et al, 2004;Sinurat et al, 2015;Skriptsova et al, 2009). …”

Fucoidan, A Sulfated Polysaccharides from Brown Algae as Therapeutic Target for Cancer

“…Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide (MW: average 20,000) found in the brown seaweed and also various species of brown algae such as mozuku, kombu, limu moui, bladderwrack, wakame, and hijiki (variant forms of fucoidan have also been found in animal species, including the sea cucumber). The monosaccharide composition and structure of algal fucoidans appear to depend on algal species, the methods of isolation and purification of polysaccharides harvest from brown seaweeds [11]. Structurally, fucoidan is a heparin-like molecule with a substantial percentage of L-fucose, sulfated ester groups, as well as small proportions of Dxylose, D-galactose, D-mannose, and glucuronic acid [12].…”