Month-of-birth effect on further body size in a pig model

Kościński, Krzysztof; Kozłowska, Agnieszka; Górecki, Marcin T.; Kamyczek, M.; Różycki, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jchb.2008.02.003

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In Polish conditions, Kościński et al (2009) found that the highest growth rate in pigs occurs between May and June. They also demonstrated that the weight of 6-month-old pigs plotted by month of birth follows a cosine wave with the highest BW occurring in pigs born in February and the lowest in pigs born in August.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analyses of body weight patterns in growing pigs: a new view on body weight in pigs for frequent monitoring

Stygar

Dolecheck

Kristensen

2018

Animal

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Frequent BW monitoring of growing pigs can be useful for identifying production (e.g. feeding), health and welfare problems. However, in order to construct a tool which will properly recognize abnormalities in pigs' growth a precise description of the growth process should be used. In this study we proposed a new model of pig growth accounting for daily fluctuations in BW. Body weight measurements of 1710 pigs (865 gilts and 843 barrows) originating from five consecutive batches from a Danish commercial farm were collected. Pigs were inserted into a large pen (maximum capacity = 400) between November 2014 and September 2015. On average, each pig was observed for 42 days and weighed 3.6 times a day when passing from the resting to feeding area. Altogether, 243,160 BW measurements were recorded. A multilevel model of pig growth was constructed and fitted to available data. The BW of pigs was modeled as a quadratic function of time. A diurnal pattern was incorporated into the model by a cosine wave with known length (24 h). The model included pig effect which was defined as a random autoregressive process with exponential correlation. Variance of within-pigs error was assumed to increase with time. Because only five batches were observed, it was not possible to obtain the random effect for batch. However, in order to account for the batch effect the model included interactions between batch and fixed parameters: intercept, time, square value of time and cosine wave. The gender effect was not significant and was removed from the final model. For all batches, morning and afternoon peaks in the frequency of visits to the feeding area could be distinguished. According to results, pigs were lighter in the morning and heavier in the evening (minimum BW was reached around 1000 h and maximum around 2200 h). However, the exact time of obtaining maximum and minimum BW during the day differed between batches. Pigs had access to natural light and, therefore, existing differences could be explained by varying daylight level during observations periods. Because the diurnal amplitude for pig growth varied between batches from 0.9 to 1.4 kg, BW monitoring tools based on frequent measurements should account for diurnal variation in BW of pigs. This proposed description of growth will be built into a monitoring tool (a dynamic linear model) and applied to farm data in future studies.

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confidence: 99%

Analyses of body weight patterns in growing pigs: a new view on body weight in pigs for frequent monitoring

Stygar

Dolecheck

Kristensen

2018

Animal

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“…In the case of cross‐sectional examination (all subjects measured within a short period), individuals born in different months also differ in their exact age. Thus, the ones born in some months would be bigger than others just because of being older (Kościński et al,2004,2009). For this reason, all height and weight values in the present sample were age‐corrected with the adjusted linear regression function (determined for each sex separately).…”

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confidence: 99%

Season of birth and subsequent body size: The potential role of prenatal vitamin D

Krenz‐Niedbała

Puch

Kościński

2010

American J Hum Biol

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The following explanatory mechanism has been formulated: insolation in Poland is minimal in November-February (winter period), and so ultraviolet absorption and vitamin D production is then the lowest. Vitamin D regulates embryo's cellular differentiation, and its deficiency triggers permanent developmental changes. Therefore, individuals conceived in autumn (i) are at the greatest risk of early vitamin D deficiency, (ii) are born in summer, and (iii) are relatively small in their further lives. The contribution of low-socioeconomic status, short breastfeeding, and being a male to the occurrence of the season-of-birth effect is also discussed.

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A Swine Hind Limb Ischemia Model Useful for Testing Peripheral Artery Disease Therapeutics

Deppen

Ginn

Kim

et al. 2021

J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res.

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Month-of-birth effect on further body size in a pig model

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Analyses of body weight patterns in growing pigs: a new view on body weight in pigs for frequent monitoring

Analyses of body weight patterns in growing pigs: a new view on body weight in pigs for frequent monitoring

Season of birth and subsequent body size: The potential role of prenatal vitamin D

A Swine Hind Limb Ischemia Model Useful for Testing Peripheral Artery Disease Therapeutics

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