Monodisperse Dual‐Functional Upconversion Nanoparticles Enabled Near‐Infrared Organolead Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Extending the spectral absorption of organolead halide perovskite solar cells from visible into near-infrared (NIR) range renders the minimization of non-absorption loss of solar photons with improved energy alignment. Herein, we report on, for the first time,aviable strategy of capitalizing on judiciously synthesized monodisperse NaYF 4 :Yb/Er upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as the mesoporous electrode for CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 perovskites olar cells and more importantly confer perovskites olar cells to be operative under NIR light. Uniform NaYF 4 :Yb/Er UCNPs are first crafted by employing rationally designed double hydrophilic star-like poly(acrylic acid)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PAA-b-PEO) diblock copolymer as nanoreactor,i mparting the solubility of UCNPs and the tunability of film porosity during the manufacturing process.T he subsequent incorporation of NaYF 4 :Yb/Er UCNPs as the mesoporous electrode led to ah igh efficiency of 17.8 %, which was further increased to 18.1 %u pon NIR irradiation. The in situ integration of upconversion materials as functional components of perovskite solar cells offers the expanded flexibility for engineering the device architecture and broadening the solar spectral use.

Hybrid PbS Quantum‐Dot‐in‐Perovskite for High‐Efficiency Perovskite Solar Cell

“…Organic–inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been extensively developed in the last few years with the power conversion efficiency (PCE) reaching a certified value of 22.7% . Perovskite materials show strong promise to work as efficient photovoltaic absorbers, owing to their extraordinary optoelectronic properties including strong light absorption, ambipolar carrier transport character, easy fabrication, long diffusion length, and high mobility . Developing high‐quality perovskite films is of paramount importance to further push the perovskite solar cell efficiency to a regime of over 25%.…”

Meniscus-assisted solution printing of large-grained perovskite films for high-efficiency solar cells

“…In this technique, the ink solution containing semiconductor precursors or nanoparticles can be readily deposited on a variety of desirable substrates, offering precise control over stoichiometry and rendering ubiquitous adaptability and compatibility with patterned and flexible substrates4. As state-of-the-art direct bandgap semiconductors, metal halide perovskites capitalize on superior optoelectronic characteristics such as intense broadband absorption, large ambipolar mobility, long charge carrier lifetime, and low processing cost compared with inorganic counterparts (e.g., silicon, CIGS and CdTe)56. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of solution-processed metal halide perovskite solar cells has rapidly leapfrogged from 3.8% to 22.1% over the past several years78.…”

Organic Templates for Inorganic Nanocrystal Growth

“…[246] Specifically, the number and density of arms inside of the core of the multi-arm star-like block copolymer is essential to controlling the uniformity of the synthesized nanoparticles. [246,[250][251][252] Interestingly, a mixed solvent was used in this work to facilitate the encapsulation of inorganic precursors, resulting in spherically shaped inorganic nanocrystals. [247][248][249] The synthesized 21-arm unimolecular micelles can be used to craft a large variety of functional nanocrystals (e.g., metallic, ferroelectric, magnetic, semiconductor) with precise dimensional control and uniformity (Figure 9).…”