Monitoring of inland waters for culturing shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei: application of a method based on survival and chemical composition

Abstract

This study evaluated the suitability of 21 inland waters (16 well waters and 5 surface waters) from Northwest Mexico via short- (48 h) and medium-term (28 days) tests using postlarvae (PL18) of Litopenaeus vannamei. In the short test, survival was assessed at 48 h after shrimp were placed in groups of 10 postlarvae into 2-L containers of inland water, to which they had been previously acclimated. The second, medium-term test consisted of four replicates with 10 postlarvae, and each group was placed in 15-L containers with the treatment water. Weights (initial and final) and survival were evaluated weekly for 28 days. In those waters for which the short test was positive and the medium-term test was negative and which also had a deficiency of potassium and/or magnesium, a third test was conducted. These last waters were supplemented with salts, and the shrimp survival and weights (initial and final) were recorded for 28 days. The water samples from San Jose, Mochicahui, Sinaloa River, Caimanero inner Lagoon, La Pipima, Campo Santa Fe, Escopama, and Fitmar had >60% survival in the short test. The Caimanero inner Lagoon water had the highest survival (87.5 ± 9.6%) and final mean weight (201.3 ± 86.2 mg). In the third test, it was found that shrimp in the water from La Pipima, Campo Santa Fe, and Fitmar exhibited 100% survival for 2 weeks. Finally, in this work, a decision tree to evaluate the suitability of low-salinity water for shrimp farming was proposed, which can be applied in other regions.

Evaluation of Groundwater in the Coastal Portion of Guasave, Sinaloa for White Shrimp Farming (Penaeus vannamei) through VES, Chemical Composition, and Survival Tests

“…Regarding the Ca +2 concentration of groundwater, this turned out to be higher than that of diluted seawater. Boyd and Thunjai [31], as well as Valencia et al [5], indicate that this is explained by the genesis of the aquifer.…”

“…The samples were transported to the Department of Aquaculture of CIIDIR, Sinaloa and there they were kept in aeration with diffuser stones from the beginning of the cultures until the end of the same. The shrimp larvae culture was developed over a 48 h period in two phases: (a) with direct transfer; and (b) with direct transfer adding KCl and Mg2Cl to the water, in a similar way to that proposed by Valencia et al [5].…”

“…The survival percentage of the bioassays were transformed with arcsine√p [5,32] due to the lack of normality of the percentages from 0 to 100% with binomial distribution [33]. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (p < 0.05) and a Tukey test (p < 0.05) was performed to identify differences between groups.…”

“…It contributes to food security and poverty alleviation [4]. Shrimp farming in continental waters is a viable alternative for the development of small and medium producers in rural communities [5].…”

“…In Mexico, the water sources for aquaculture developments come to a greater extent from lagoons, rivers and the sea [6]. Recent research shows the potential for the development of systems for aquaculture organisms using groundwater in tilapia [7] and white shrimp [5,8], obtaining considerable productive returns. So, groundwater is a viable alternative for continental aquaculture [9], and according to Valenzuela et al [10] and Valenzuela et al [8] the ionic composition of groundwater is more important in shrimp farming at low salinities.…”