Effects of temperature and stocking density on intensive culture of Pacific white shrimp in freshwater

Araneda, Marcelo; Gasca‐Leyva, Eucario; Vela, Miguel A.; Domínguez‐May, Roger

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102756

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In addition, the FCR increased with the increasing stocking density, which increases the cost of production. Similar results were observed in other studies that investigated the effect of stocking density on shrimp production (Moss and Moss, 2004;Esparza-Leal et al, 2010;Neal et al, 2010;Krummenauer et al, 2011;Sookying et al, 2011;Façanha et al, 2016;Araneda et al, 2020;Fleckenstein et al, 2020). However, survival of shrimp in our experiment was above 95%, while other researchers reported that survival decreased with increasing density (Neal et al, 2010;Krummenauer et al, 2011;Araneda et al, 2020).…”

Section: Shrimp Growthsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Of the potential animal species, the Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) appears to have potential in the shortterm as global production was second highest among aquaculture industries in 2018 (FAO, 2020) (4966.2 thousand metric tons) and they display rapid growth (FAO, 2006), high market price (Ross et al, 2017) and strong global demand (FAO, 2020). Whiteleg shrimp are tolerant of a wide range of salinities (Gao et al, 2016;Ray and Lotz, 2017;Pinheiro et al, 2020;Chu and Brown, 2021) and stocking densities (Otoshi et al, 2007;Krummenauer et al, 2011;Araneda et al, 2020) (90 to 600 shrimp/m 2 ) making them strong candidates for marine aquaponics. Further, shrimp might alleviate the "economic drain" of fish raised in freshwater aquaponic systems (Quagrainie et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Marine Aquaponics: Effects of Shrimp to Plant Ratios and C/N Ratios

Chu

Brown

2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Integrated aquaponic food production systems are capable of producing more food on less land using less water than conventional food systems, and marine systems offer the potential of conserving freshwater resources. However, there have been few evaluations of species combinations or operational parameters in marine aquaponics. The goal of this experiment was evaluation of stocking density ratio of Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) to three edible halophytes (Atriplex hortensis, Salsola komarovii, and Plantago coronopus) with two C/N ratios in a 3 × 2 factorial design. There were three stocking density ratios (shrimp: plant), 2:1, 3:1, and 5:1; and two C/N ratios, 12 and 15. The results indicated that stocking density ratio exerted a significant impact on shrimp growth. Shrimp reared in 2:1 and 3:1 treatments had better growth performance. In contrast, plants were affected by both stocking density ratio and C/N ratio. Halophytes grown in stocking density ratios of 3:1 and 5:1 with a C/N ratio of 15 had better growth performance and nutrient content. The concentrations of TAN and NO2– were below 0.2 mg/L throughout the experiment, including the higher stocking density ratio treatments. In conclusion, the stocking density ratio of 3:1 with a C/N ratio of 15 was suggested as the optimal condition for the operation of marine aquaponics in which whiteleg shrimp and the three halophytes are target crops.

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Section: Shrimp Growthsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Marine Aquaponics: Effects of Shrimp to Plant Ratios and C/N Ratios

Chu

Brown

2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) are the largest crustacean aquaculture industry globally (FAO, 2020), can potentially produce 3-4 marketable crops per year, display high market demand and value, are tolerant of a wide range of salinities and stocking densities (FAO, 2016;Gao et al, 2016;Ross et al, 2017;Araneda et al, 2020) and may alleviate the "economic drain" associated with fish raised in freshwater aquaponic systems (Quagrainie et al, 2018). The optimal dietary crude protein concentration for shrimp varies as a function of several factors, and one of them that influence protein requirement is biofloc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Dietary Crude Protein in Commercial Feeds for Shrimp and Halophytes in Marine Aquaponic Biofloc Systems

Chu

Brown

2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Formulated diets for animals is the primary source of nutrients in aquaponic systems that need to maintain beneficial bacteria as well as for plants. Dietary protein is one of the expensive macronutrients in fish diets, especially when fishmeal is used, and it is the source of nitrogen (N) for other biotic components. Biofloc has the potential to serve as the supplement diet for shrimp and reduce the need of expensive protein. However, it is not clear if low dietary protein will be adequate to support the three organisms (animals, plants, and bacteria) in an aquaponic system operated with biofloc technology. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of shrimp feed with different protein concentrations (30, 35, or 40%) on water quality and the growth performance of Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and three edible halophytic plants (Atriplex hortensis, Salsola komarovii, and Plantago coronopus) in biofloc-based marine aquaponics. The experiment was conducted for 12 weeks, the plants were harvested and seedlings transplanted every 4 weeks. Dietary protein content did not influence shrimp growth in the current study, indicating that feeds with lower protein concentrations can be used in biofloc-based marine aquaponic systems. During the early and mid-stages of cultivation, plants grew better when supplied diets with higher protein concentration, whereas no differences were observed for later harvests. Hence, for maximum production with mature systems or in the scenario of high concentration of nitrate, providing a higher protein concentration feed in the early stages of system start-up, and switching to a lower protein concentration feed in later stages of cultivation was recommended.

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“…Temperature is one of the most influential parameters in the pond system, which affects the metabolic rate of a living system, dissolved oxygen, and ammonia during the culture period. The optimum temperature is 28–30 °C for sustainable shrimp aquaculture [ 47 ]. The pH is to be maintained in the range between 6.8 and 8.0 due to ammonia–nitrate-nitrogen conversion processes in Biofloc [ 48 ].…”

Section: Environmental Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of top-dressing automation technology for sustainable shrimp aquaculture in India

Chellapandi

2021

Discov Sustain

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Globally, the shrimp farming industry faces increasing challenges and pressure to reduce the broken shrimps and maintain a healthier pond environment. Shrimps lack an adaptive immune system to combat invading pathogens due to an imbalance in beneficial gut microbiota. The use of top-dressing agents like probiotics and pond optimizes is an alternative strategy to improve the innate immune system leading produce disease-free shrimp in international markets. The cost of top-dressing agents is accounted for 20% of the production cost and therefore, the development of top-dressing automation technology is important to maintain and improve the financial and environmental viability of shrimp sustainable farming. This perspective described several sensor-based aquaculture technologies for on-farm management systems but sustainability in the aquaculture industry is not yet achieved in practice. The present technology is a new invention to reduce labor and production costs required for reducing bacterial and organic loads in Biofloc shrimp cultures. Aquaculture automation system disperses the top-dressing agents to the shrimp ponds based on the signals received from microbial and environmental sensors. Continuous monitoring of shrimp growth, mortality, immune responses, diseases, and pond water quality parameters will fetch larger profits with additional savings on labor and production costs for sustainable shrimp aquaculture in India.

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Effects of temperature and stocking density on intensive culture of Pacific white shrimp in freshwater

Cited by 17 publications

References 68 publications

Sustainable Marine Aquaponics: Effects of Shrimp to Plant Ratios and C/N Ratios

Sustainable Marine Aquaponics: Effects of Shrimp to Plant Ratios and C/N Ratios

Optimal Dietary Crude Protein in Commercial Feeds for Shrimp and Halophytes in Marine Aquaponic Biofloc Systems

Development of top-dressing automation technology for sustainable shrimp aquaculture in India

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