Molecular Typing of Hospital-Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Background. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most common pathogens that cause hospital- and community-acquired infections in the world. The use of molecular typing methods is essential for determining the origin of the strains, their clonal relations, and also in epidemiological investigations. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibiotic resistant S. aureus isolates and using spa, agr, and SCCmec typing to determine the dominant types in Iran. Material and Method. Fifty isolates of S. aureus were collected from January to May 2010. S. aureus identification was performed by biochemical tests. Disk diffusion method was employed to assess the sensitivity of S. aureus strains to antibiotics and then genetic analysis of bacteria was performed using SCCmec, agr, and spa typing. Results. S. aureus resistance to tetracycline, cefoxitin, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, Cot: cotrimoxazole, levofloxacin, rifampin, and vancomycin were found to be 36%, 18%, 12%, 12%, 22%, 6%, 6%, and 0%, respectively. The results of this study showed that 16% of the isolates were resistant to methicillin (MRSA) and the majority of isolates were SSC mec type IV. In addition spa and agr typing revealed agr typeI and spa type t7688 to be the most predominant. Conclusion. In this study, spa typing showed 100% reliability and the t7688 spa type had a frequency of 26% compared to the frequency of 0.0% in the Ridom SpaServer. The frequency of t304 spa type was higher than the global average.

StaphylococcalCassette Chromosomemec(SCCmec) Typing of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusStrains Isolated from Community- and Hospital-Acquired Infections

“…The present study showed that the prevalence of resistant strains to methicillin has steadily increased in comparison with a previous study performed in the same hospital (20% vs. 54%) (5,26). Furthermore, a similar prevalence rate (54%) was reported by Moghadami Based on SCCmec typing, MRSA strains are classified into 5 different allotypes, 2 of which have been identified in Asian countries.…”

“…Only 2 isolates with SCCmec type IV belonged to HA-MRSA, while SCCmec types I, II, and III were associated with MRSA strains, isolated from hospitalacquired infections (HA-MRSA) (5,14). In the present study, SCCmec typing did not show 100% typeability and had poor 4 Avicenna J Clin Microb Infec.…”

“…Therefore, MRSA screening is extremely important for epidemiological surveillance in order to prevent the spread of MRSA infections. To classify MRSAs, it is necessary to understand their genetic structure and detect all SCCmec types (2,5). Although conventional MRSA typing techniques are not adequate for epidemiological surveys, numerous molecular techniques are available for this purpose (6,7).…”

Molecular Investigation of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Recovered from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Based on Toxin, Adhesion Genes and agr Locus Type Analysis

“…Gentamycin is an antibiotic used to treat several types of serious infections, especially staphylococcal infections. The resistance rate to gentamicin was 76% in the present study, which is in line with Goudarzi's study (2) yet was higher than those reported by Havaei et al (21) and lower than that those reported by Wang et al (22). The results demonstrated relatively high resistance to kanamycin (84%), amikacin (48%), and tobramycin (46.4%), which is in agreement with earlier rates reported by Ko et al (23), Rashidi Nezhad et al (16) and also a study conducted by Goudarzi et al (2).…”

Molecular Characterizations, Virulence Determinants and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the North of Iran

“…However, low gentamycin resistance rates in Chinese and Iranian MRSA isolates have been reported [3,15,47]. All of the MRSA isolates in the present study were MDR which is in relative line with previous reports from Iran [2,14] and Taiwan [38].…”