Molecular Structure Influences the Stability of Membrane Penetrating Biointerfaces.

Almquist, Benjamin D.; Melosh, Nicholas A.

doi:10.1021/nl200542m

Cited by 29 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Nanofabricated devices, including nanostraws (1-3), nanowires (4-7), nanoneedles (8)(9)(10)(11)(12), and nanoelectrodes (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), are increasingly being investigated as tools for cellular studies, but these structures do not readily insert through the cell membrane (2)(3)(4)(5)13,23), and assessing when (or whether) penetration has occurred is difficult due to the nanoscale features of the probe-membrane interface. To design cell-penetrating nanoprobes, a systematic approach is needed to describe nanostructure-membrane interactions at relevant temporal and spatial scales, particularly the processes of nanoprobe insertion through (3,(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)15,18,24,25) or fusion with (14,16,19,(26)(27)(28) the plasma membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AFM has been used to study the penetration of synthetic lipid bilayers (26)(27)(28)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45) and live cells (9)(10)(11)(12)24,29,46,47) by nanoprobes, but the reported membrane penetration forces range from <1 nN to >20 nN (12,29), and the variety of probe types, lipids, and other experimental variables make comparisons across studies difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In lipid stacks, which have been described elsewhere (26)(27)(28)48), neighboring lipid bilayers are spaced only by aqueous buffer, so they more closely resemble suspended lipid bilayers than do solid-supported lipid bilayers. To separate lipid bilayer penetration from other force-relaxation events, we used the breakthrough signatures in synthetic lipid stacks as a template for detecting penetration events in cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these three lipid systems, we assessed the role of two factors that are thought to be important for membrane penetration: tip geometry (3,11,23) and surface chemistry (13,25,27,43). We assessed the role of nanoprobe geometry in lipid membrane penetration by using three types of nanoprobes: slender nanoneedles (11) (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Penetration of Cell Membranes and Synthetic Lipid Bilayers by Nanoprobes

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Wang

Thomas

et al. 2014

Biophysical Journal

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Nanoscale devices have been proposed as tools for measuring and controlling intracellular activity by providing electrical and/or chemical access to the cytosol. Unfortunately, nanostructures with diameters of 50-500 nm do not readily penetrate the cell membrane, and rationally optimizing nanoprobes for cell penetration requires real-time characterization methods that are capable of following the process of membrane penetration with nanometer resolution. Although extensive work has examined the rupture of supported synthetic lipid bilayers, little is known about the applicability of these model systems to living cell membranes with complex lipid compositions, cytoskeletal attachment, and membrane proteins. Here, we describe atomic force microscopy (AFM) membrane penetration experiments in two parallel systems: live HEK293 cells and stacks of synthetic lipid bilayers. By using the same probes in both systems, we were able to clearly identify membrane penetration in synthetic bilayers and compare these events with putative membrane penetration events in cells. We examined membrane penetration forces for three tip geometries and 18 chemical modifications of the probe surface, and in all cases the median forces required to penetrate cellular and synthetic lipid bilayers with nanoprobes were greater than 1 nN. The penetration force was sensitive to the probe's sharpness, but not its surface chemistry, and the force did not depend on cell surface or cytoskeletal properties, with cells and lipid stacks yielding similar forces. This systematic assessment of penetration under various mechanical and chemical conditions provides insights into nanoprobe-cell interactions and informs the design of future intracellular nanoprobes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Penetration of Cell Membranes and Synthetic Lipid Bilayers by Nanoprobes

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Wang

Thomas

et al. 2014

Biophysical Journal

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“…It has been shown that nanometre sized electrodes can be seamlessly integrated into the cell membrane. 152 Consequently, hollow tubes (approx. 100 nm diameter) were fabricated on surfaces and connected to a liquid reservoir.…”

Section: Interactive Biointerfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of stem cell fate by nanomaterial substrates

et al. 2015

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Major design aspects for novel biomaterials are driven by the desire to mimic more varied and complex properties of a natural cellular environment with man-made materials. The development of stimulus responsive materials makes considerable contributions to the effort to incorporate dynamic and reversible elements into a biomaterial. This is particularly challenging for cell-material interactions that occur at an interface (biointerfaces); however, the design of responsive biointerfaces also presents opportunities in a variety of applications in biomedical research and regenerative medicine. This review will identify the requirements imposed on a responsive biointerface and use recent examples to demonstrate how some of these requirements have been met. Finally, the next steps in the development of more complex biomaterial interfaces, including multiple stimuli responsive surfaces, surfaces of 3D objects and interactive biointerfaces will be discussed.

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