Molecular mass distribution of sodium alginate by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography

Ci, Sherry; Huynh, Tanya H; Louie, Leslie W; Yang, Andrew; Beals, Bridget J; Ron, Nilesh; Tsang, Wen-Ghih; Soon‐Shiong, Patrick; Desai, Neil

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(99)01029-8

Cited by 47 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…High G content produces strong, brittle gels with good heat stability whereas high M content produces weaker, more-elastic gels with good freeze-thaw behavior. Alginate oligosaccharide fragments and their derivatives have been widely used as releasing agents in the pharmacy [9], as additives in the food industry [10], and as growth-promoters in agriculture [11]. Recently, it has also found important applications in tissue engineering [12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Sequence analysis of alginate-derived oligosaccharides by negative-ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2006

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Negative-ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ES-MS/MS) with collision-induced dissociation (CID) is attempted for sequence determination of alginate oligosaccharides, derived from polyanionic alginic acid, polymannuronate, and polyguluronate by partial depolymerization using either alginate lyase or mild acid hydrolysis. Sixteen homo-and hetero-oligomeric fragments were obtained after fractionation by gel-filtration and strong anion exchange high performance liquid chromatography. The product-ion spectra of these alginate oligosaccharides were dominated by intense B-, C-, Y-, and Z-type ions together with 0,2 A-and 2,5 A-ions of lower intensities. Internal mannuronate residues (M) produce weak but specific decarboxylated Z int -ions (Z int Ϫ 44 Da; int: denotes internal), which can be used for distinction of M and a guluronate residue (G) at an internal position. A reducing terminal M or G, although neither gives rise to a specific ion, can be identified by differences in the intensity ratio of fragment ions of the reducing terminal residue [ [2,3]. Infection with the latter opportunistic pathogen seen in cystic fibrosis patients remains a major health concern [4]. Alginate consists of hexuronic acid residues ␤-Dmannuronic acid (M) and ␣-L-guluronic acid (G) with exclusively 1¡4 glycosidic linkages. Along its linear chain, there are homo-oligomeric regions of mannuronate (M-blocks) and of guluronate (G-blocks) as well as hetero-oligomeric regions (MG-blocks) [5,6]. In contrast to algal alginate and alginate of A. vinelandii, the absence of G-blocks or low ratio of G-to M-blocks is characteristic for alginate from most bacteria such as P. aeruginosa. The alginate coat of P. aeruginosa is known to provide protection from immune defence system. Oligomannuronates have been shown to have an inhibitory effect on reactive oxidizing species production [7] from immune cells, whereas oligoguluronates with similar sizes did not exhibit any significant effect [8]. The physical properties of the alginates have also been well documented and can be used as thermally stable cold setting gelling agents in the presence of calcium ions, gelling at far lower concentrations than gelatin. High G content produces strong, brittle gels with good heat stability whereas high M content produces weaker, more-elastic gels with good freeze-thaw behavior. Alginate oligosaccharide fragments and their derivatives have been widely used as releasing agents in the pharmacy [9], as additives in the food industry [10], and as growth-promoters in agriculture [11]. Recently, it has also found important applications in tissue engineering [12].Polyanionic oligosaccharides such as those derived from glycosaminoglycans have attracted considerable interests recently because of the increased awareness of their functional properties. The functional properties of alginates and their oligosaccharide fragments are intimately linked to the composition (M/G ratio) and sequences of the hexuronic acid M and G residues. Methods for identification of oligosacc...

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confidence: 99%

Sequence analysis of alginate-derived oligosaccharides by negative-ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2006

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…This polymer is produced by brown seaweed such as Laminaria or some bacteria belonging to the genera Azotobacter and Pseudomonas. 1,2 Alginate oligosaccharide and their derivatives have been widely used as releasing agents in pharmacy, 3 and additives in food industry. 4 Recently, alginate oligosaccharide and their derivatives have been attracting considerable attention due to their bioactivity of antitumor and promoting plant growth.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preparation, purification and characterization of alginate oligosaccharides degraded by alginate lyase from Pseudomonas sp. HZJ 216

Li¹,

Jiang²,

Guan³

et al. 2011

Carbohydrate Research

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“…Traditionally, the determination of molecular mass distribution of the polysaccharides has been accomplished using SEC, in which analytes are separated based on their molecular size in solution, with refractive index or light scattering detection [8,[12][13][14][15]. Photometric detection at low wavelengths (less than 220 nm) has been used; however, the sensitivity is poor due to low absorbance [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size‐exclusion capillary electrochromatographic separation of polysaccharides using polymeric stationary phases

2003

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We report the successful size-based separations of large, neutral polysaccharides using capillary electrochromatography (CEC). As the polysaccharides possessed little chromophore for photometric detection, two separate approaches were taken. In the first approach, indirect detection was combined with size-exclusion chromatography using a sulfonated polystyrene/divinylbenzene stationary phase. The separations were performed using a 300 Å pore size stationary phase under aqueous conditions. Nonsize based interactions were minimal using this material, resulting in an effective calibration range of molecular masses 180 to 112 000 g?mol 21 for pullulans. In the second approach, the polysaccharides were derivatized with phenylisocyanate and were subsequently separated on columns made using a combination of high capacity ionexchanger and a neutral polystyrene/divinylbenzene material of various pore sizes. The sulfonated ion-exchange phase provided the electroosmotic flow, while the mixed pore size material provided the extended calibration range. The linear range for this primarily nonaqueous system using tetrahydrofuran was determined to be from molecular masses 738 to 404 000 g?mol 21 of the original, untagged pullulan. This approach overcame the limited solubility issue associated with analysis of some polysaccharides. Analysis of pullulan and amylose samples by CEC correlated well with results obtained by conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The sizeexclusion electrochromatographic separations provide an alternative mode for determining the relative molecular weights of polysaccharides with reduced sample and solvent consumption, as well as analysis times.

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Molecular mass distribution of sodium alginate by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography

Cited by 47 publications

References 21 publications

Sequence analysis of alginate-derived oligosaccharides by negative-ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

Sequence analysis of alginate-derived oligosaccharides by negative-ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

Preparation, purification and characterization of alginate oligosaccharides degraded by alginate lyase from Pseudomonas sp. HZJ 216

Size‐exclusion capillary electrochromatographic separation of polysaccharides using polymeric stationary phases

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