Molecular Evolution and Phylogeny of Leishmania

Schönian, Gabriele; Cupolillo, Elisa; Maurício, Isabel

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-1125-3_2

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…However, because of its lower intra-species discriminatory power and the need for parasite mass cultivation, it has been superseded by other techniques as multilocus sequence typing (MLST), multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT), polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing of specific genetic markers such as hsp70, ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and the kinetoplastid DNA (kDNA) (Schönian et al 2008Yuan et al 2017;Ghatee et al 2018b). Of these, MLMT and kDNA-RFLP are the most powerful techniques for studying Leishmania populations in intraspecies level , Schönian et al 2013). However, challenges remain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structures of Leishmania infantum and Leishmania tropica the causative agents of kala-azar in Southwest Iran

et al. 2018

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in Iran and is caused predominantly by Leishmania infantum, but L. tropica is emerging as an important cause. We studied the intra-species population structure of Leishmania spp. causing VL in southwest Iran by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 of DNA samples from 29 bone marrow aspiration smears. L. infantum (n = 25) and L. tropica (n = 4) were identified, consisting of 10 and three ITS1 sequence types (STs), respectively. Compared to GenBank ITS1 STs, our L. infantum parasites displayed high heterogeneity but less heterogeneity compared than northwest Iranian isolates. VL affects mostly nomadic populations in southwest Iran, and their mobility may explain partly the L. infantum heterogeneity. The VL causing L. tropica was also genetically heterogeneous but genetically indistinguishable from L. tropica strains causing anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis from southwest Iran.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structures of Leishmania infantum and Leishmania tropica the causative agents of kala-azar in Southwest Iran

et al. 2018

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“…The majority of molecular phylogenetic studies of Leishmania have relied on a few genetic loci to infer evolutionary relationships (Schönian et al, 2013). These data may not accurately reflect the true history of the genus and also provide limited information with which to estimate the age of splits between clades (Castresana, 2007;Momen and Cupolillo, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenomic reconstruction supports supercontinent origins for Leishmania

Harkins

Schwartz

Cartwright

et al. 2016

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Leishmania, a genus of parasites transmitted to human hosts and mammalian/reptilian reservoirs by an insect vector, is the causative agent of the human disease complex leishmaniasis. The evolutionary relationships within the genus Leishmania and its origins are the source of ongoing debate, reflected in conflicting phylogenetic and biogeographic reconstructions. This study employs a recently described bioinformatics method, SISRS, to identify over 200,000 informative sites across the genome from newly sequenced and publicly available Leishmania data. This dataset is used to reconstruct the evolutionary relationships of this genus. Additionally, we constructed a large multi-gene dataset, using it to reconstruct the phylogeny and estimate divergence dates for species. We conclude that the genus Leishmania evolved at least 90-100 million years ago, supporting a modified version of the Multiple Origins hypothesis that we call the Supercontinent hypothesis. According to this scenario, separate Leishmania clades emerged prior to, and during, the breakup of Gondwana. Additionally, we confirm that reptile-infecting Leishmania are derived from mammalian forms and that the species that infect porcupines and sloths form a clade long separated from other species. Finally, we firmly place the guinea-pig infecting species, Leishmaniaenriettii, the globally dispersed Leishmaniasiamensis, and the newly identified Australian species from a kangaroo, as sibling species whose distribution arises from the ancient connection between Australia, Antarctica, and South America.

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“…These tools except from their enhanced sensitivity they are also able to distinguish Leishmania parasites at species and intraspecies level. As for phylogenetic studies, the sequence analysis of single-copy gene targets is preferred while also the recombination and the different mutation rates between lineages make the use of one gene less suitable for the phylogenic analysis of the Trypanosomatidae or its subgroups [163].…”

Section: Leishmaniasis -Trends In Epidemiology Diagnosis and Treatmementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Diagnosis of Leishmaniasis, Species Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis

Tsokana¹,

Athanasiou²,

Valiakos³

et al. 2014

Leishmaniasis - Trends in Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

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Molecular Evolution and Phylogeny of Leishmania

Cited by 13 publications

References 127 publications

Population structures of Leishmania infantum and Leishmania tropica the causative agents of kala-azar in Southwest Iran

Population structures of Leishmania infantum and Leishmania tropica the causative agents of kala-azar in Southwest Iran

Phylogenomic reconstruction supports supercontinent origins for Leishmania

Molecular Diagnosis of Leishmaniasis, Species Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis

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