Molecular events on tooth socket healing in diabetic rabbits

The In Vitro and In Vivo Osteogenic Capability of the Extraction Socket‐Derived Early Healing Tissue

“…A recent study also showed that dental socket‐derived stem/progenitor cells from the early healing period of sockets, which originate from the remaining PDL, apical papilla, surrounding alveolar bone, and circulating MSCs, exhibit a higher capacity of colony formation, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation than bone marrow‐derived MSCs (BMSCs), as well as the ability to regenerate periodontal tissue in 1‐wall bone defects 32 . ESEHT at ≈10 days contains a lot of cytokines, such as bone morphogenetic protein, vascular endothelial growth factor, osteocalcin, chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 12 (Cxcl12), and Runx2, 17–20 that are equivalent to the growth factors with osteoinductivity in tissue engineering. This may be the main mechanism by which ESEHT showed the stronger effect on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells than PAB in the present study.…”

“…However, taking bone tissue from these sites is associated with some complications, and subsequent processing reduces the osteogenic bioactivity of bone, hence limiting clinical application of these autologous bones in periodontal regeneration therapy 14 . Healed extraction wounds are one autologous bone source, and extraction socket‐derived early healing tissue (ESEHT) contains rich stem cells, osteoblasts, and growth factors; 15–20 thus, it is hypothesized that ESEHT may have a better osteogenic potential than mature autologous bone. The study conducted by Amler 21 supported this hypothesis, confirming that the osteogenic capability of bone marrow that had undergone 2 weeks of healing was stronger than that of mature bone marrow.…”

Homogenous demineralized dentin matrix and platelet-rich plasma for bone tissue engineering in cranioplasty of diabetic rabbits: biochemical, radiographic, and histological analysis

“…It was verified that HDDM strongly favours the chemotaxis of appropriate cells into the surgical defect, the transformation of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells into osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, and the synthesis of the extracellular matrix with mineralization of osteoid tissue that leads to bone maturation and remodelling. According to Younis et al, 30 these cellular events are precisely controlled and regulated by specific signalling molecules.…”

Management of an emergency tooth extraction in diabetic patients on the dental chair

“…This process is controlled and regulated by specific activated molecules such as transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF). These molecules are well-conserved protein sequences involved in the initial response to injury and repair in soft and hard tissues (Younis et al, 2013). The healing of bone in uncontrolled diabetic patients prolongs because of a delay in the onset of cell proliferation and osteoblast differentiation.…”