Molecular Characterization of Germin-like Protein Genes in Zea mays (ZmGLPs) Using Various In Silico Approaches

Ilyas, Muhammad; Ali, Iftikhar; Binjawhar, Dalal Nasser; Ullah, Sami; Eldin, Sayed M.; Ali, Baber; Iqbal, Rashid; Bokhari, Syed Habib Ali; Mahmood, Tariq

doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c01104

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 120 publications

(287 reference statements)

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“…Besides, there is a link between decreased growth and a reduction in photosynthesis and the uptake of essential ions. 13 , 51 Salinity-induced impairments in growth features have been reported in several studies, 5 , 7 , 30 , 44 , 52 which supports our findings. However, the foliar application of SA and TP alleviated the adverse effects of salinity by improving these growth characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Salinity stress has been linked to impaired growth, development, metabolism, and yield in several crop plants, including wheat. However, exogenous application of several growth regulators such as jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), 13 , 26 , 44 − 46 naphthyl acetic acid (NAA), 47 abscisic acid (ABA), 48 and α-tocopherol (TP) 49 have been reported to minimize the negative impacts of salinity on morpho-physio-biochemical attributes and yields in several crop plants. 50 In the present study, growth attributes (leaf fresh and dry weight, leaf area, shoot and root length, their fresh and dry weight, and root–shoot area) were severely inhibited in salinity-exposed wheat plants, compared to controlled conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salicylic Acid and α-Tocopherol Ameliorate Salinity Impact on Wheat

Saeed

Ullah

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Background: Soil salinity negatively impacts agricultural productivity. Consequently, strategies should be developed to inculcate a salinity tolerance in crops for sustainable food production. Growth regulators play a vital role in regulating salinity stress tolerance. Methods: Thus, we examined the effect of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and alpha-tocopherol (TP) (100 mg/L) on the morphophysio-biochemical responses of two wheat cultivars (Pirsabak-15 and Shankar) to salinity stress (0 and 40 mM). Results: Both Pirsabak-15 and Shankar cultivars were negatively affected by salinity stress. For instance, salinity reduced growth attributes (i.e., leaf fresh and dry weight, leaf moisture content, leaf area ratio, shoot and root dry weight, shoot and root length, as well as root−shoot ratio), pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll a, and carotenoids) but increased hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), malondialdehyde (MDA), and endogenous TP in both cultivars. Among the antioxidant enzymes, salinity enhanced the activity of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in Pirsabak-15; glutathione reductase (GR) and PPO in Shankar, while ascorbate peroxidase (APOX) was present in both cultivars. SA and TP could improve the salinity tolerance by improving growth and photosynthetic pigments and reducing MDA and H 2 O 2 . In general, the exogenous application did not have a positive effect on antioxidant enzymes; however, it increased PPO in Pirsabak-15 and SOD in the Shankar cultivar. Conclusions: Consequently, we suggest that SA and TP could have enhanced the salinity tolerance of our selected wheat cultivars by modulating their physiological mechanisms in a manner that resulted in improved growth. Future molecular studies can contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which SA and TP regulate the selected wheat cultivars underlying salinity tolerance mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salicylic Acid and α-Tocopherol Ameliorate Salinity Impact on Wheat

Saeed

Ullah

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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“…Germins and germin-like proteins (GLPs) belong to the cupin superfamily of plant proteins and play an important role in the plant’s defensive mechanism against osmotic and homeostasis stresses . Additionally, they are involved in enhancing the plant’s resistance to oxidative stress caused by both abiotic and biotic stimuli, − have provided a comprehensive description of the germins and GLPs, highlighting their occurrence in plants and their association with several developmental processes. , Additionally, it has been reported that the genome of O. sativa has a considerable collection of GLPs. As a result, O. sativa serves as a model plant for investigating the structural and functional characteristics of germins and GLPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Exploration: Unraveling the Intricacies of Indica Rice Oryza sativa L. Germin-Like Protein Gene 12-3 (OsGLP12-3) Promoter via Cloning, Sequencing, and In Silico Analysis

Ahmad,

Ullah,

Ullah

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Germin and Germin-like proteins (GLPs) are a class of plant proteins that are part of the Cupins superfamily, found in several plant organs including roots, seeds, leaves, and nectar glands. They play a crucial role in plant defense against pathogens and environmental stresses. Herein, this study focused on the promoter analysis of OsGLP12-3 in rice cultivar Swat-1 to elucidate its regulation and functions. The region (1863bp) of the OsGLP12-3 promoter from Swat-1 genomic DNA was amplified, purified, quantified, and cloned using Topo cloning technology, followed by sequencing. Further in silico comparative analysis was conducted between the OsGLP12-3 promoters from Nipponbare and Swat-1 using the Plant CARE database, identifying 24 cis-acting regulatory elements with diverse functions. These elements exhibited distinct distribution patterns in the 2 rice varieties. The OsGLP12-3 promoter revealed an abundance of regulatory elements associated with biotic and abiotic stress responses. Computational tools were employed to analyze the regulatory features of this region. In silico expression analysis of OsGLP12-3, considering various developmental stages, stress conditions, hormones, and expression timing, was performed using the TENOR tool. Pairwise alignment indicated 86% sequence similarity between Nipponbare and Swat-1. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted to explore the evolutionary relationship between the OsGLP12-3 and other plant GLPs. Additionally, 2 unique regulatory elements were modeled and docked, GARE and MBS to understand their hydrogen bonding interactions in gene regulation. The study highlights the importance of OsGLP12-3 in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses, supported by its expression patterns in response to various stressors and the presence of specific regulatory elements within its promoter region.

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“…Wheat provides nearly 20% of protein and dietary products and is the most widely utilized among all the cereal crops . Proteins have diverse functions and are involved in key cellular activities in plants. − Gluten proteins are the type of seed storage protein present in wheat grain. They provide the chemical basis for making several end-products and contribute nearly 80–85% of the total wheat flour protein. − Glutenin proteins are further subdivided into two groups including low molecular weight (LMW-GS) and high molecular weight (HMW-GS) glutenin subunits, based on their mobility in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, i.e., SDS-PAGE .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Trichoderma harzianum Together with Copper and Boron on Wheat Yield

Anwar

Ali

Ullah

et al. 2023

ACS Agric. Sci. Technol.

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Deficiency of micronutrients is a major problem faced by nearly half of the world population due to intake of poor-quality food. To overcome the problem of malnutrition, biofortification of cereal crops is believed to be a good approach to increase nutrient contents in our daily food. The purpose of the current study was therefore to investigate the effect of foliar applied copper and boron alone and in combination with Trichoderma harzianum on yield attributes, grain quality, and nutrient contents of wheat. Wheat plants were treated with copper and boron in combination with or without T. harzianum. The applied treatments included Cu (0.05 M), Cu (0.1 M), T. harzianum, Cu (0.05 M)/T. harzianum, Cu (0.1 M)/T. harzianum, B (0.05 M), B (0.1 M), B (0.05 M)/T. harzianum, B (0.1 M)/T. harzianum, Cu (0.05 M)/B (0.05 M)/T. harzianum, and Cu (0.1 M)/B (0.1 M)/T. harzianum along with a control set for comparison. Results revealed significant enhancement in different studied growth traits including plant height, spike length, kernels per spike, harvest index, and chlorophyll content. In addition, this approach also enriched wheat grains with various micro/macronutrients including Cu, Fe, Zn, K, and P. This study concludes that the bioreagent T. harzianum along with foliar copper and boron may lead to reasonably enhanced grain quality and growth characteristics of wheat, further suggesting that the combined application of micronutrients along with T. harzianum under suitable conditions will make it an acceptable approach for crop improvements.

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Molecular Characterization of Germin-like Protein Genes in Zea mays (ZmGLPs) Using Various In Silico Approaches

Cited by 4 publications

References 120 publications

Salicylic Acid and α-Tocopherol Ameliorate Salinity Impact on Wheat

Salicylic Acid and α-Tocopherol Ameliorate Salinity Impact on Wheat

Genomic Exploration: Unraveling the Intricacies of Indica Rice Oryza sativa L. Germin-Like Protein Gene 12-3 (OsGLP12-3) Promoter via Cloning, Sequencing, and In Silico Analysis

The Impact of Trichoderma harzianum Together with Copper and Boron on Wheat Yield

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