Molecular characterization and prevalence of virulence factor genes of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolated from diarrheic children

Moeinirad, Mohammad; Douraghi, Masoumeh; Foroushani, Abbas Rahimi; Sanikhani, Rahimeh; Dallal, Mohammad Mehdi Soltan

doi:10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101379

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Furthermore, Chattaway et al [45] determined that 72% of infections caused by Stx1-producing STEC in England involved strains producing toxins that belonged to the stx 1a subtype. Similar findings were also obtained in a study conducted by Moeinirad et al [46], in which the authors found that 75% of Stx1-exclusive STEC strains recovered from diarrheal cases in children in Iran produced stx 1a subtype toxins, whereas the rest produced toxins belonging to the stx 1c subtype.…”

Section: Prevalence and Disease Severity Of Different Stx Subtypes In...supporting

confidence: 89%

A Comprehensive Review on Shiga Toxin Subtypes and Their Niche-Related Distribution Characteristics in Shiga-Toxin-Producing E. coli and Other Bacterial Hosts

Wang,

Yu,

Chui

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Shiga toxin (Stx), the main virulence factor of Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), was first discovered in Shigella dysenteriae strains. While several other bacterial species have since been reported to produce Stx, STEC poses the most significant risk to human health due to its widespread prevalence across various animal hosts that have close contact with human populations. Based on its biochemical and molecular characteristics, Shiga toxin can be grouped into two types, Stx1 and Stx2, among which a variety of variants and subtypes have been identified in various bacteria and host species. Interestingly, the different Stx subtypes appear to vary in their host distribution characteristics and in the severity of diseases that they are associated with. As such, this review provides a comprehensive overview on the bacterial species that have been recorded to possess stx genes to date, with a specific focus on the various Stx subtype variants discovered in STEC, their prevalence in certain host species, and their disease-related characteristics. This review provides a better understanding of the Stx subtypes and highlights the need for rapid and accurate approaches to toxin subtyping for the proper evaluation of the health risks associated with Shiga-toxin-related bacterial food contamination and human infections.

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Section: Prevalence and Disease Severity Of Different Stx Subtypes In...supporting

confidence: 89%

A Comprehensive Review on Shiga Toxin Subtypes and Their Niche-Related Distribution Characteristics in Shiga-Toxin-Producing E. coli and Other Bacterial Hosts

Wang,

Yu,

Chui

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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“…Diferentes investigaciones reportan similitudes en la identificación de genes de virulencia, en el caso de los estudios basados en alimentos y productos cárnicos de diferentes orígenes (bovino y porcino) reportan en México, a partir de muestras animales la presencia del gen Stx1, Stx2 y hlyA en un 1,9%, 17,7% y 21,5% respectivamente (Martínez et al, 2018, Moeinirad, et al, 2021.…”

Section: Genes Involucrados En La Expresión De Factores De Virulencia...unclassified

Genes y expresión de factores de virulencia en Escherichia coli aislada en animales de producción

2022

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Los factores de virulencia de patógenos se expresan una vez superan los mecanismos fisiológicos de respuesta inmune por parte del organismo, Escherichia coli (E. coli) es una bacteria que se considera un problema en salud pública en todo el mundo debido a la alta prevalencia de mecanismos de resistencia y patogenicidad que expresa, se relaciona principalmente con infecciones intestinales y es transmitida en la cadena alimenticia; los determinantes genéticos que codifican factores de virulencia se trasladan entre diferentes especies o la misma, mediante el mecanismo de transferencia horizontal de genes. El objetivo de la presente revisión es describir factores de virulencia y genes que los codifican en cepas de E. coli aisladas de animales de producción y de productos alimenticios. En las bases de datos Medline, Lilacs, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SciELO y Dialnet, se realizó búsqueda utilizando una combinación de palabras claves validadas en inglés (gen, virulence, virulence factor, infection, horizontal gene transfer, mutation and production animals). En diferentes ambientes de producción se identificó la presencia de diferentes mecanismos de virulencia que varían según la especie animal y bacteriana, los genes con mayor circulación con Stx1, Stx2 codificantes de toxinas, Saa de adhesinas, ehxA de enterohemolisina, eaeA de intimina, IpfA de fimbrias. La vigilancia y control microbiológico en el área alimenticia y de producción animal es de gran importancia para evitar posibles brotes de enfermedades en población susceptible, por efecto de los factores de virulencia.

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“…It was found, however, that strains containing only eaeA rarely caused a serious illness, while strains that contained either stx2 or stx1 and stx2 genes, with or without eaeA were most likely to cause serious illness, such as haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) [6,8]. Another study found that a more severe outcome was reported with strains containing both stx genes [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amplification-free, highly sensitive electrochemical DNA-based sensor for simultaneous detection of stx1 and stx2 genes of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC)

O’Riordan

Wasiewska

Diaz

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) is a food-borne pathogen of significant public health concern, due to the severity of the illness it can cause and a low infection dose. The key targets in molecular-based assays to detect STEC are stx1 or stx2 genes, coding for the ability to produce Shiga T Toxin 1 and 2. The most commonly used molecular detection techniques, such as PCR and real-time PCR, are considerably time-consuming and there is an urgent need for a more rapid screening assay which could be used in agri-food settings. In this work, an amplification-free multiplex electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous detection of stx1 and stx2 genes was developed using a silicon-based chip comprising of six interdigitated gold microelectrodes(IDE) sensors. Two probes complementary to stx1 and stx2 genes were immobilised on a single chip allowing for multiplex detection. The selectivity of the multiplex sensor was confirmed using fluorescence and electrochemistry. The developed assay conditions allowed for an improved limit of detection by three orders of magnitude compared to the previous reports achieving a amplification-free limit of detection of 100 zM (10-19 M) for both, stx1 and stx2 genes. The developed sensor was validated using chromosomal DNA extracted from a bacterial culture containing no virulence genes, stx1 gene only, and both stx1 and stx2. Such multiplex sensor, if combined with on-chip DNA extraction, could revolutionise the point-of-use detection of STEC as well as other pathogens for instance on-farm or in the food industry.

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Molecular characterization and prevalence of virulence factor genes of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolated from diarrheic children

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

A Comprehensive Review on Shiga Toxin Subtypes and Their Niche-Related Distribution Characteristics in Shiga-Toxin-Producing E. coli and Other Bacterial Hosts

A Comprehensive Review on Shiga Toxin Subtypes and Their Niche-Related Distribution Characteristics in Shiga-Toxin-Producing E. coli and Other Bacterial Hosts

Genes y expresión de factores de virulencia en Escherichia coli aislada en animales de producción

Amplification-free, highly sensitive electrochemical DNA-based sensor for simultaneous detection of stx1 and stx2 genes of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC)

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