Molecular characterization and genetic variability of Alpha Casein gene, CSN1S1 in Bikaneri camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk

Singh, Kritika; Jayakumar, S.; Dixit, S. P.; Malik, Zahida

doi:10.18805/ijar.b-3468

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As in cow milk ca. 80% of the total protein fraction of camel milk is represented by caseins (CN), consisting of a s1 -, a s2 -, b-, c-, and j-CN (Erhardt et al 2016;Ryskaliyeva et al 2018;Singh et al 2018), as well as a b-CN short isoform (Ryskaliyeva et al 2018). Whereas band j-CN were monomorphic, three different genetic variants (A, C and D) were identified in the a s1 -CNs (Erhardt et al 2016).…”

Section: Milk Proteins and Related Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Old World camels in a modern world – a balancing act between conservation and genetic improvement

Burger¹,

Ciani

Faye

2019

Animal Genetics

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Old World camels have served humans in cross-continental caravans, transporting people and goods, connecting different cultures and providing milk, meat, wool and draught since their domestication around 3000-6000 years ago. In a world of modern transport and fast connectivity, these beasts of burden seem to be out-dated. However, a growing demand for sustainable milk and meat production, especially in countries affected by climate change and increasing desertification, brings dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) and Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus) back onstage and into the focus of animal breeders and scientists. In this review on the molecular genetics of these economically important species we give an overview about the evolutionary history, domestication and dispersal of Old World camels, whereas highlighting the need for conservation of wild two-humped camels (Camelus ferus) as an evolutionarily unique and highly endangered species. We provide cutting-edge information on the current molecular resources and on-going sequencing projects. We cannot emphasise enough the importance of balancing the need for improving camel production traits with maintaining the genetic diversity in two domestic species with specific physiological adaptation to a desert environment.

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Section: Milk Proteins and Related Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Old World camels in a modern world – a balancing act between conservation and genetic improvement

Burger¹,

Ciani

Faye

2019

Animal Genetics

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“…Bactrian camels feature two humps on their backs and are adapted to live in desert areas (Bai et al 2020). Studies have proved that camel milk has antioxidant, anti-infection, anti-diabetes, anti-cancer and anti-hypertensive effects (Sharma et al 2022;Singh et al 2019). Studies have found that camel milk has the effects of lowering blood sugar and IR and can be used as an adjuvant in the treatment of diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus) Milk Exosomes Promote Glucose Consumption in L6 Cells

Yang¹,

Guo²,

Liu³

et al. 2023

IJAR

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Background: Camel milk can treat diabetes, but the exact anti-diabetes components of camel milk are still unclear. It is not clear whether camel milk exosomes can regulate glucose metabolism. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether camel milk exosomes can promote glucose consumption in L6 cells. Methods: Camel milk exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) assay was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of camel milk exosomes on the viability of L6 cells. Glucose oxidase activity assay was used to detect the effect of camel milk exosomes on glucose consumption in L6 cells. RNA sequencing was used to detect differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways in L6 cells treated with camel milk exosomes. Result: The size of isolated camel milk exosomes was 30-100 nm by TEM. 3-12 ng/uL camel milk exosomes had no significant effect on L6 cell viability (P greater than 0.05). 6-24 ng/uL camel milk exosomes can significantly increase glucose consumption in L6 cells (P less than 0.05). A total of 401 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of downregulated genes suggested inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I. Camel milk exosomes may promote glucose consumption by inhibiting mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I.

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“…CMP health benefits have been studied worldwide for three decades. Biochemical investigations show that insulin-like protein, lactoferrin and immunoglobulins provide CMP scientific value (Agrawal et al, 2013;Singh et al, 2019). CMP is a powerful bioactive for use as antidiabetic drugs (Anwar et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Granulation in Cutaneous Wound Healing is Improved by a Camel Milk Peptide in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes in Rat Models

Ebaid¹,

Al-Tamimi²,

Alhazza³

et al. 2023

IJAR

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Background: Diabetes alters keratinocyte proliferation and tissue granulation during wound healing, thereby delaying the healing process. Thus, we studied the correlation between keratinocyte proliferation and tissue granulation with healing stages and the impact of camel milk peptide (CMP). Methods: Rats were grouped into wounded normal, wounded diabetic and wounded diabetic with daily treatment of CMP at a dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s method were used to compare the overall effects of each treatment. Result: Diabetes strikingly impaired Protein kinase B (Akt) and Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin (SMA-á) concentrations in the wounded tissues. Furthermore, the gene expression of KGF in wounded tissues was downregulated in diabetic rats. Conversely, CMP showed notable restoration of these parameters. Thus, granulation was enhanced compared with that in non-treated diabetic rats. In addition, the wound margin epithelia of CMP-diabetic rats showed an increase in both size and migration, with two epidermal tongues directed inward and clearly visible on both sides of the wound. However, diabetic rats showed increased extent of wound margin neoepithelia without clear epidermal tongues. These data confirmed the potential role of CMP in wound healing in diabetic rats.

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Molecular characterization and genetic variability of Alpha Casein gene, CSN1S1 in Bikaneri camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Old World camels in a modern world – a balancing act between conservation and genetic improvement

Old World camels in a modern world – a balancing act between conservation and genetic improvement

Bactrian Camel (Camelus bactrianus) Milk Exosomes Promote Glucose Consumption in L6 Cells

Tissue Granulation in Cutaneous Wound Healing is Improved by a Camel Milk Peptide in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes in Rat Models

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