Modulation of IL-12 and IFN-γ Secretions by Eleutheroside E, Tortoside A, and Syringaresinol from Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai

Abstract

-Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai (Araliaceae) is a medicinal plant indigenous to Korea. The root and stem barks of Acanthopanax species have been used as a tonic and sedative as well as in the treatment of rheumatism and diabetes. In our study, three lignans, eleutheroside E (EE), tortoside A (TA), and syringaresinol (SY), were isolated from the stem and root of A. koreanum in an effort to study the immunomodulating effect. We treated natural killer cells and dendritic cells with lignans (EE, TA, or SY), and analyzed their cytokine (IL-12 and IFN-γ) secretion. EE, TA, or SY markedly enhanced IL-12 secretion in mouse lymphoid (DC1) and myeloid type (DC2.4) dendritic cells after 48 hr of treatment. There were no significant differences in the cytokine stimulatory effects between EE, TA, or SY. Moreover, treatment of EE, TA, or SY significantly induced IFN-γ secretion by human NK cells (NK92MI) confirmed by ELISA assay. This study suggests that lignans from A. koreanum modulate cytokines, and that such modulation may provide the mechanism of action for many of their therapeutic effects.

Anti‐Inflammatory Effects of Fermented Bark of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Its Isolated Compounds on Lipopolysaccharide‐Treated RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells

“…Various phytochemicals, such as lignans, steroids, and triterpenoidal saponins, have been identified in Acanthopanax species [ 5 – 8 ]. The major active component in these plants is lignan, and it has been determined that lignan plays a key role in the therapeutic effects [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Evaluation of the Mutagenic Properties of Two Lignans from Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai

“…Acanthopanax species are widely distributed in Korea, Japan, and China, and are used as health supplements. Among them, A. koreanum Nakai, a well known traditional herb grown in Jeju Island, south of Korea, has been used as a tonic and sedative agent, as well as in the treatment of diabetes and immune diseases (1) . Recently, it was shown that components isolated from A. koreanum had various biological activities.…”

“…It serves as a quick assay to estimate the carcinogenic potential of a compound, and a positive test indicates that the chemical might act as a carcinogen (6) . We previously reported that three lignans, eleutheroside E, syringaresinol, and tortoside A isolated from A. koreanum have immunomodulating effects in dendritic cells, by enhancing the secretion of interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) (1) . Herein, we tried to estimate the mutagenicity of syringaresinol and tortoside A isolated from the root of A. koreanum using Ames assay.…”

Eleutheroside B increase tight junction proteins and anti‐inflammatory cytokines expression in intestinal porcine jejunum epithelial cells (IPEC‐J2)

“…In agreement with these findings, Yoou et al, () reported that acteoside supplementation significantly decreased the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)‐13, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β in the TSLP‐stimulated human mast cell line (HMC‐1 cells). In addition, Lyu and Park () observed a decrease in the proinflammatory cytokines level in mouse lymphoid type dendritic cells after treatment with Eleutheroside E. Moreover, Ryu, Kim, and Lee () reported that Acanthopanax extract inhibits the oxidative damage in cells and reduce lymphocyte cell toxicity. Furthermore, Zou et al, () reported a significant decrease in the mRNA expression of major inflammatory cytokines IL1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, MCP‐1, and INF‐γ in the jejunum tissues of a pig model fed with Oregano essential oil.…”