Modulation of Endothelium-Dependent Flow-Mediated Dilatation of the Brachial Artery by Sex and Menstrual Cycle

Hashimoto, Masayoshi; Akishita, Masahiro; Eto, Masato; Ishikawa, Mikiko; Kozaki, Koichi; Toba, Kenji; Sagara, Yoko; Taketani, Yuji; Orimo, Hajime; Ouchi, Yasuyoshi

doi:10.1161/01.cir.92.12.3431

Cited by 495 publications

(378 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Moreover, only male medical personnel were included in this study because menstrual cycle in women might have influenced the results of FMD measurements. 26,27 Further investigation was necessary to clarify whether similar results were observed in women. In addition, this study was focused on the short-term effect of aromatherapy on endothelial dysfunction after night-shift work.…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Aromatherapy alleviates endothelial dysfunction of medical staff after night-shift work: preliminary observations

et al. 2010

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Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Aromatherapy alleviates endothelial dysfunction of medical staff after night-shift work: preliminary observations

et al. 2010

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“…22,26,27 The variability of the ultrasound measurements was studied for both %FMD and %NTG by repeated measurements from the same video recordings in six subjects. 23 The Flow-mediated vasodilatation in obesity M Hashimoto et al coef®cient of variation for measurements of %FMD was 5.84 AE 0.25%. The coef®cient of variation for measurements of %NTG was 3.97 AE 0.24%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 Maximal vasodilatation was observed 45±60 s after the cuff release. 21,23 The diameter change, caused by¯ow-mediated vasodilatation, was expressed as the percent change relative to that at the initial resting scan (%FMD). The diameter change caused by NTG was expressed in the same way as the percent change relative to that at the recovery scan (%NTG).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impairment of flow-mediated vasodilatation in obese men with visceral fat accumulation

et al. 1998

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BACKGROUND: Obesity has been reported to be associated with coronary artery disease and other atherosclerotic diseases. Recently, evidence has accumulated indicating that intra-abdominal visceral fat accumulation contributes to atherogenesis; however, the mechanism underlying this remains to be determined. This study was undertaken to elucidate whether intra-abdominal visceral fat accumulation impairs vascular endothelial function in obese men. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-eight obese men (body mass index (BMI) ! 26.0), aged 19±64 y (mean age 37.6 AE 1.8 y) and 23 age-matched non-obese subjects were examined. According to the ratio of the maximum thickness of preperitoneal fat to the minimum thickness of subcutaneous fat (Pmax/Smin) obtained by longitudinal ultrasound scanning in the subxiphoid region in obese men, we divided obese subjects into two categories; visceral (PmaxaSmin ! 1; n 23) and subcutaneous type (PmaxaSmin`1; n 15). To investigate endothelial function, we performed ultrasound measurement of the brachial artery diameter non-invasively both at rest and during reactive hyperaemia in the muscle distal to the brachial artery which causes endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. The brachial diameter change was also measured after sublingual administration of nitroglycerin, which causes endothelium-independent vasodilatation. Flow-mediated diameter (D) increase (%FMD; DDaD Â 100), in the subjects with visceral type obesity (3.09 AE 0.43%) was signi®cantly lower than those of the subjects with subcutaneous type obesity and non-obese subjects (7.90 AE 0.51%, 8.91 AE 0.44%, respectively, P`0.01). The magnitude of endothelium-independent vasodilatation by nitroglycerin was similar in all groups. On multiple regression analysis, the PmaxaSmin showed a signi®cant inverse correlation with %FMD. CONCLUSIONS: The subjects with visceral type obesity, rather than those with the subcutaneous type, are associated with impaired¯ow-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilatation of the brachial artery.

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“…18,19 Direct vascular action of estrogen Two estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes, ERa and ERb, have been identified and are expressed in the vasculature, and experimental studies have demonstrated the vasodilator effects of estrogen/ER through their action on the endothelium, smooth muscle and extracellular matrix. Estrogen enhances endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation via increased release of nitric oxide (NO), [20][21][22] endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor 23 and PGI 2 24,25 and decreased production of endothelin-1 (Table 1). 26 Several studies have demon-strated that estrogen inhibits calcium influx 27,28 and stimulates calcium efflux 29 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), leading to endothelium-independent vasodilation.…”

Section: Action Of Estrogen On the Cardiovascular Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal effects on blood vessels

Akishita

2012

Hypertens Res

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The incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is lower in younger women than in men of the same age, but it increases after menopause, implicating the atheroprotective action of endogenous estrogen. Although observational studies have suggested the efficacy of estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women, placebo-controlled, randomized trials, such as the Women's Health Initiative, have not confirmed effects of estrogen therapy on CVD. Conversely, basic, experimental research has progressed and provided mechanistic insight into estrogen's action on blood vessels. By contrast, the vascular effects of androgens remain poorly understood and have been controversial for a long time. In recent years, an increasing body of evidence has suggested that androgens may exert protective effects against the development of atherosclerosis, at least in elderly men. Epidemiological studies have shown that the incidence of and mortality due to CVD were increased in elderly men with low testosterone levels, although the efficacy of androgen therapy remains unknown. Furthermore, recent experimental studies have demonstrated the direct action of androgens on the vasculature. In this review, we illustrate the effects of sex steroids on the cardiovascular system, focusing on the action of testosterone on the blood vessels.

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Modulation of Endothelium-Dependent Flow-Mediated Dilatation of the Brachial Artery by Sex and Menstrual Cycle

Abstract: Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation varies during the menstrual cycle. The endogenous estradiol may be involved in this menstrual cycle-related vasodilatation.

Cited by 495 publications

References 27 publications

Aromatherapy alleviates endothelial dysfunction of medical staff after night-shift work: preliminary observations

Aromatherapy alleviates endothelial dysfunction of medical staff after night-shift work: preliminary observations

The impairment of flow-mediated vasodilatation in obese men with visceral fat accumulation

Hormonal effects on blood vessels

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