“…The application of lanthanide-doped polystyrene nanomaterials can remedy the defects of conventional fluorescent dyes, which include photobleaching, poor stability, or poor quantum yield, and the advantages of simplicity and rapidity can be retained (Tang et al, 2017). Furthermore, lanthanide chelates are appropriate as immunoassay markers for trace analysis with the advantages of long fluorescence decay time, large Stoke shift between excitation light and emission light, narrow excited fluorescence band, sharp fluorescence emission, and excellent photo-stability, all of which lead to outstanding analysis sensitivity and accuracy (Liu et al, 2021). In this study, we constructed an LFIA method to detect VAN.…”