Optical activation and chemical defects were identified with the help of confocal scanning microscopy on films with nano-scale thickness, which was in agreement with SEM measurements, and supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
even metallic periodic arrays [7-9] to aid the emitted light escape the bulk of the device. Phosphors are the materials most commonly used in solid-state lighting. [10] They usually consist of inorganic matrices doped with rare-earth (RE) cations. RE phosphors offer high thermal and chemical stability and are used as color-converting materials along with blue or UV light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to obtain emissions that cover different ranges of the visible spectrum. This approach has allowed the development of artificial illumination, featuring lower cost and more efficient devices, and rendering better quality lighting for the last two decades. Apart from illumination, the field of use of LED-based devices is wide, from sensors to wireless communication, passing through human-centric lighting or horticulture industry. [11] On this basis, directional and spectral control of the out-coupled light intensity are features of interest for many applications. Such
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.