Modifying Horseshoes in the Mediolateral Plane: Effects of Side Wedge, Wide Branch, and Unilateral Roller Shoes on the Phalangeal Alignment, Pressure Forces, and the Footing Pattern

Hagen, Jenny; Hüppler, Michael; Häfner, F.; Geiger, S.; Mader, Daniela

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2015.12.001

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In this study, we applied the Tekscan HoofSystem under live dairy cows' claws for the first time. This system has been used for equine kinetic research previously (Lange et al, 2012;Al Naem, 2014;Hagen et al, 2016) and has been recommended for scientific and clinical applications (Lange et al, 2012). Most authors analyzed and compared the kinetic data in a relative way, because the absolute vGRF output of the sensor foils was less accurate than that achieved with force plates (Sumiya et al, 1998;Morin et al, 2001;Perino et al, 2007).…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic effect of different ground conditions on the sole of the claws of standing and walking dairy cows

Oehme

Grund

Munzel

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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For the first time, we analyzed the direct kinetic effects of concrete and rubber flooring on the soles of live dairy cows' claws while standing and walking. Ten adult dairy cows were equipped with foil-based pressure sensors (HoofSystem, Tekscan Inc., Boston, MA) under their left hind leg using a leather claw shoe. These sensors captured parameters of pressure distribution and vertical ground reaction forces while the cows walked on the 2 tested flooring types. The mean pressure was 15.1 to 21.1% lower on rubber flooring compared with concrete; mean pressure values (± standard deviation) were 36.32 ± 7.77 N/cm 2 for static measures and 57.33 ± 11.77 N/cm 2 for dynamic measures. We observed an even more obvious relief on rubber flooring in the maximum pressure loads, which were 30.1 to 32.7% lower on rubber flooring compared with concrete; mean pressure values (± standard deviation) were 98.79 ± 14.49 N/cm 2 for static measures and 150.45 ± 20.87 N/ cm 2 for dynamic measures). The force-time curves of the dynamic measures essentially showed biphasic curve progression, with local peaks at 29 and 79% of the stance phase. However, we found considerable differences in curve progression between individuals and between the lateral and medial claws, which may be verified in further investigations with more animals. The study showed a noticeable reduction in mechanical load during standing and walking on rubber flooring compared with concrete.

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Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic effect of different ground conditions on the sole of the claws of standing and walking dairy cows

Oehme

Grund

Munzel

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…It has frequently been used in equine research and was recommended for scientific and clinical application by Lange et al [17]. As some authors stated a lack of accuracy in using this piezoresistive foil sensors [19, 21, 31], most equine studies were confined to relative comparisons [14, 15, 17]. However, by use of an appropriate calibration under trial conditions and expected loads, an adequate accuracy could be obtained with this sensors [19–21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With same type sensors, Nilsson et al [ 13 ] analyzed the pressure distribution under isolated bovine distal limbs on slatted concrete flooring at different positions to the slats. In vivo measurements with large animals using these piezoresistive sensor foils have solely been performed in equine kinetic research so far [ 14 – 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different flooring types on pressure distribution under the bovine claw – an ex vivo study

Oehme¹,

Geiger²,

Grund³

et al. 2018

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundMechanical interactions between hard floorings and the sole of bovine claws can be reasonable to cause traumatic claw lesions. In this ex vivo study, the direct kinetic impact of concrete and three types of rubber mats on the sole of dairy cattle claws was analyzed. In order to apply uniform loads, isolated distal hind limbs of adult Holstein Friesian dairy cows were functionally trimmed according to the Dutch method and attached to a load applicator. Kinetic data were recorded using a thin, foil-based pressure measurement system (Hoof™ System, Tekscan®).ResultsOn concrete, the load distribution between the lateral and medial claw was less balanced than on the rubber floorings. The loaded area was significantly smaller on concrete (32.2 cm2) compared to all rubber mats (48.3–58.0 cm2). Average pressures (Pav) and maximum pressures (Pmax) were significantly higher on concrete (Pav 44.7 N/cm2; Pmax 130.3 N/cm2) compared to the rubber floorings (Pav 24.9–29.7 N/cm2; Pmax 71.9–87.2 N/cm2). Pressure peaks occurred mainly in plantar and abaxial parts of the lateral claw and in apical and plantar regions of the medial claw. Load distribution displayed a widely unloaded slope region, but considering the pressure distribution under the claw, none of the zones showed a generally lower pressure exposure.ConclusionsAltogether, rubber floorings lead to a significant mechanical relief of the sole compared to concrete. Furthermore, relevant differences between the tested rubber mats could be determined. Therefore the used system may be applied to compare further flooring types.

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“…The presence of osseous abnormalities did not appear to adversely affect the prognosis in this study. Adjunctive shoeing methods using shoes with a wider branch on the affected side to reduce sinking of the foot into soft surfaces with work, thereby protecting the affected side at the expense of the loading of the other, contra-axial, collateral ligament represents a biomechanically sound approach 14 but may not produce a consistent effect 15 and has yet to be shown to be clinically effective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of intra‐articular injection with longitudinal ultrasound‐guided injection of collateral ligaments of the equine distal interphalangeal joint

Smith

Parsons

Dixon

2019

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Study design: Anatomical study Desmopathy of the collateral ligaments of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint is a common cause of foot lameness and carries a poor prognosis with conservative management. Intralesional injections may improve healing, although accuracy of radiographically-guided injections is significantly less than when guided by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which requires special needles. Ultrasound-guided injection of the distal collateral ligament has not been evaluated objectively. Seven equine cadaver limbs (14 collateral ligaments) were injected with methylene blue dye and radiographic contrast medium using ultrasound to guide the needle longitudinally into the collateral ligaments until contacting bone. The insertion site of the needle proximal to the coronary band was measured on the limb and the needles left in place for radiography and computed tomography (CT) to evaluate the needle angulation, location of the contrast medium, and whether the contrast entered the DIP joint. The limbs were frozen and sectioned with a band saw to identify the location of the dye. Fifty percentage of injections were in or around the collateral ligaments. However, the percentage of 'successful' injections, defined as in the collateral ligament but not in the joint, was only 36%. All legs had dye and contrast in the joint after both ligaments had been injected. There were no significant differences between the needle angle and entry site for 'successful' and 'unsuccessful' injections. This study shows that ultrasound guidance alone is not a reliable method for injecting the distal portions of the DIP joint collateral ligaments.

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Modifying Horseshoes in the Mediolateral Plane: Effects of Side Wedge, Wide Branch, and Unilateral Roller Shoes on the Phalangeal Alignment, Pressure Forces, and the Footing Pattern

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Kinetic effect of different ground conditions on the sole of the claws of standing and walking dairy cows

Kinetic effect of different ground conditions on the sole of the claws of standing and walking dairy cows

Effect of different flooring types on pressure distribution under the bovine claw – an ex vivo study

Risk of intra‐articular injection with longitudinal ultrasound‐guided injection of collateral ligaments of the equine distal interphalangeal joint

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